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Losing sleep over climate change: warmer nights are already disrupting our sleep cycles

<p>While we’re familiar with the environmental and economic impacts of climate change, there are some unexpected indirect effects that could dramatically influence our fundamental daily human activities – including sleep. Yes, precious sleep.</p> <p>Sleep is vital in maintaining our mental and physical health. Each night when we lay our heads the pillow, our cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) enters the brain and clears out metabolic waste. Now, in a study published in One Earth, the investigators have found that increasing ambient temperatures brought on my global warming are negatively impacting human sleep worldwide.</p> <p>The team analysed seven million nightly sleeps of more than 47,000 adults across 68 countries. This anonymised global sleep data had been collected from accelerometer-based sleep-tracking wristbands, which tracked quality and quantity of sleep.</p> <p>On very warm nights (greater than 30°C/86°F), sleep declined on average by almost 15 minutes. Sleepers also struggled to get seven hours or more of sleep on these warmer nights. At this rate, by year 2099, we might lose 50-58 hours of sleep per year, equivalent to almost two weeks, with older adults and females being impacted the most.</p> <p>“Our bodies are highly adapted to maintain a stable core body temperature, something that our lives depend on,” says lead author Kelton Minor (@keltonminor) of the University of Copenhagen. “Yet every night they do something remarkable without most of us consciously knowing – they shed heat from our core into the surrounding environment by dilating our blood vessels and increasing blood flow to our hands and feet.”</p> <p>This drop in core body temperature that slows our metabolism in order to go to sleep is triggered by the hormone melatonin. For our bodies to shed heat, the surrounding environment also needs to be cooler than we are. This research also found that people appeared to be better at adapting to colder temperatures outside than hotter.</p> <p>“Across seasons, demographics, and different climate contexts, warmer outside temperatures consistently erode sleep, with the amount of sleep loss progressively increasing as temperatures become hotter,” says Minor.</p> <p>Socioeconomic status also seems to matter, with those in developing countries more strongly affected by temperature change, possibly due to lack of access to insulation and air conditioning. This highlights that the most vulnerable populations live in some of the world’s hottest regions, are they’re also historically some of the poorest.</p> <p>To help save our sleep (along with our planet), the team hope to collaborate with global climate scientists, sleep researchers and tech companies to extend their scope of global sleep and behaviour research to more people and contexts.</p> <p>“In order to make informed climate policy decisions moving forward, we need to better account for the full spectrum of plausible future climate impacts extending from today’s societal greenhouse gas emissions choices,” says Minor.</p> <p><em><strong><span id="docs-internal-guid-88b02ff5-7fff-a88e-62a7-355106a6437c">This article originally appeared on <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/climate-change-bad-sleep/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">cosmosmagazine.com</a> and was written by </span></strong></em><a class="fn" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: halyard-text, sans-serif; color: #000000; text-decoration-line: none; background-color: #ffffff;" href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/contributor/qamariya-nasrullah" rel="author"><em><strong>Qamariya Nasrullah.</strong></em></a></p> <p><em>Image: Shutterstock</em></p>

Body

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4 tips to take care of your skin in the warmer months

<p>When the longer days and warmer temperatures hit, we welcome barbeques, dining on the deck, and a splash in the pool. However, we all know that enjoying the sunshine comes with certain cautionary measures for our skin, and we’re not just talking about putting on sunscreen.</p> <p>When the mercury rises, your dry, brittle, winter ravished skin is likely to take a further beating, and its appearance may suffer. Nutritionist <a href="http://www.samanthagemmell.com" target="_blank"><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Samantha Gemmell</span></strong></a> warns that mature ladies need to be extra careful. “Nutritionally speaking, we also absorb fewer vitamins and minerals as we age, including those that support healthy skin. Additionally, our thirst mechanisms don't function as well as we get older, so it's a lot easier to become dehydrated without realising it”.</p> <p>The key, is knowing what healthy measures to adopt. Skincare and nutritional medicine expert, <a href="http://fionatuck.com/" target="_blank"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Fiona Tuck</strong></span></a>, explains. “The beauty industry tends to promise us eternal youth with a new product or super hero ingredient however the most important factor to healthy skin is ensuring that your skin is being fed the right nutrients. If we lack certain nutrients in our diet, eat junk food or have malabsorption or digestive problems our skin is the first organ of the body to suffer. Nutrients nourish the skin inside and out, making it appear radiant, glowing and healthy”.</p> <p>It’s simple enough to keep your skin glowing all year around, as long as you take the proper precautions. Here, our experts outline three important ways to maintain healthy and glowing skin in the warmer months.</p> <p><strong>1. Hydration</strong></p> <p>Water is essential to the functioning of our bodies organs, so it’s no surprise that it plays a big role in keeping the largest one of those in tip-top shape. Water is needed to carry nutrients and oxygen to skin cells and also remove waste products from the body. The recommended intake in Australia is around two litres of fluid per day, which includes beverages other than water. However, Samantha has some more specific advice. “For best hydration results, I recommend the majority of that fluid come from water and herbal teas. Keep it to one to two cups of coffee or black tea a day as a maximum – otherwise you will excrete too much water thanks to caffeine's diuretic effects”.</p> <p><strong>2. Fatty acids</strong></p> <p>When it comes to eating your way to better skin, Fiona swear by delicious, fatty acids and omega 3s. “If you have dry, inflamed or devitalised skin, or you suffer from the frequent appearance of whiteheads or blackheads, you can benefit from supplementing with Omega 3 essential fatty acids (EFAs). EFAs are responsible for skin repair, moisture content, and overall flexibility of our cells but because the body cannot produce its own EFAs, they must be obtained through the diet”. However, Samantha says that even applying these topically can be beneficial to the appearance of your skin, giving you that natural glow from within.</p> <p>“You can also use any type of good fats – olive oil, avocado – that can moisturise your skin naturally without the need for chemicals. Remember to start with a test area to make sure that your skin doesn't react. Natural skin care companies may also include these ingredients in their products to boost up the hydration level”.</p> <p><strong>3. Vitamin C</strong></p> <p>Vitamin C is highly effective in reducing the damage done to your skin by overexposure to the sun or pollution. These consume collagen and elastin and can also cause wrinkles and other premature sign of ageing. However, don’t shy away from a day at the beach with the family just because of this. Fiona says that there are measures you can take. “Vitamin C is effective at protecting the skin from premature ageing, especially when combined with vitamin E. Foods high in vitamin C include berries, red and green peppers, citrus fruits, kale, parsley, collard greens, turnips, and broccoli”.</p> <p><strong>4. Antioxidants</strong></p> <p>Antioxidants protect the skin by limiting the production of free radicals, which can damage skin cells. Samantha explains that antioxidant rich foods protect your cells from inflammation and oxidative stress that can increase as we age. “Enjoy a rainbow of plant foods, both fruits and vegetables, for a wide variety of health boosting antioxidants. In particular, look for your lycopene-rich red and your vitamin C packed fruit and veg – two antioxidants known to aid in skin health”. </p> <p>What summer skincare tips do you swear by? Let us know in the comments below.</p> <p><strong>Related links:</strong></p> <p><a href="/lifestyle/beauty-style/2016/09/how-to-figure-out-your-skin-type/"><em><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">How to figure out your skin type</span></strong></em></a></p> <p><a href="/lifestyle/beauty-style/2016/09/tips-for-treating-dry-skin/"><em><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">5 tips for treating dry skin</span></strong></em></a></p> <p><a href="/lifestyle/beauty-style/2016/09/how-to-eat-collagen-for-naturally-beautiful-skin/"><em><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">How to eat collagen for naturally beautiful skin</span></strong></em></a></p>

Beauty & Style

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Winter warmer seafood stew

<p>Rustic, rich and very tasty, this winter warmer fish stew will warm your bones and make the cold seem like a distant memory. Serve hot with crusty bread.</p> <p><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Ingredients:</span></strong></p> <ul> <li>2 tablespoons olive oil</li> <li>1 red onion, chopped</li> <li>2 stalks celery, sliced</li> <li>3 cloves garlic, crushed</li> <li>800g diced tomatoes</li> <li>1 cup of vegetable stock</li> <li>½ cup dry white wine</li> <li>1 dried bay leaf</li> <li>Pinch of sugar</li> <li>1kg firm white fish fillets</li> <li>12 medium green prawns</li> <li>12 mussels</li> <li>½ cup chopped flat-leaf parsley</li> <li>Zest or grated rind of 1 lemon</li> </ul> <p><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Method:</span></strong></p> <ol> <li>To begin, heat olive oil in a large saucepan over a low to medium heat.</li> <li>Add onion, celery and garlic and cook for around about five minutes.</li> <li>Add tomatoes, stock, wine and bay leaf and bring the stew to the boil.</li> <li>Reduce heat to medium and let simmer, partially covered, for about 20 minutes.</li> <li>Add a pinch of sugar for flavour.</li> <li>Prepare the seafood ingredients. Cut fish into small chunks, peel and devein prawns leaving the tails on and make sure you scrub the mussels, removing the beards.</li> <li>Add fish to the saucepan and let simmer for five minutes before adding the other seafood.</li> <li>Cover and cook for a few minutes. Make sure you discard any unopened mussels. </li> <li>Serve, topped with parsley and lemon rind.</li> </ol> <p><em><strong>Have you ordered your copy of the Over60 cookbook, The Way Mum Made It, yet? Featuring 178 delicious tried-and-true recipes from you, the Over60 community, and your favourites that have appeared on the Over60 website, <a href="https://shop.abc.net.au/products/way-mum-made-it-pbk" target="_blank"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">head to the abcshop.com.au to order your copy now</span></a>.</strong></em></p> <p><strong>Related links:</strong></p> <p><a href="/lifestyle/food-wine/2016/03/gluten-free-beef-stew/"><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><em>Gluten-free beef stew</em></span></strong></a></p> <p><a href="/lifestyle/food-wine/2016/04/mediterranean-fish-stew/"><strong><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Mediterranean fish stew</span></em></strong></a></p> <p><a href="/lifestyle/food-wine/2015/11/chicken-sausage-jambalaya/"><strong><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Chicken and sausage jambalaya</span></em></strong></a></p>

Food & Wine

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Spicy red lentil soup

<p>Had your fill of pumpkin and tomato soup? Try something different with our spicy red lentil soup.</p> <p><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Ingredients:</span></strong></p> <ul> <li>2 onions, finely diced</li> <li>4 cloves garlic, finely diced</li> <li>1 tablespoon olive oil</li> <li>½ teaspoon allspice</li> <li>2 cups grated carrot</li> <li>2 teaspoons ground paprika</li> <li>1 teaspoon ground chilli</li> <li>½ cup tomato paste</li> <li>2 cups of red lentils, washed</li> <li>1L chicken or vegetable stock</li> <li>1L water</li> <li>Freshly ground salt</li> </ul> <p><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Method:</span></strong></p> <ol> <li>Heat the olive oil in a large saucepan over a medium heat. Add the onions and sauté until translucent, then add the garlic and cook for 2 minutes.</li> <li>Add the allspice, paprika, chilli, carrots, and tomato paste. Stir for 3 minutes, then add the lentils and stir for another 2 minutes. Add salt to taste.</li> <li> Add the stock and water and bring to the boil. Allow to simmer until the lentils have cooked and the soup has thickened.</li> <li>Blend soup or pulse with a stick blender until smooth.</li> </ol> <p><strong>Related links:</strong></p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><em><strong><a href="/lifestyle/food-wine/2015/06/roast-onion-soup/">Love soup? Try our roast onion soup</a></strong></em></span></p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><em><strong><a href="/lifestyle/food-wine/2015/06/spaghetti-carbonara/">Our spaghetti carbonara is creamy and cheesy and delicious</a></strong></em></span></p> <p><a href="/lifestyle/food-wine/2015/06/clam-chowder/"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><em><strong>This New England clam chowder is warming and yu</strong></em></span>mmy</a></p>

Food & Wine

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