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Families including someone with mental illness can experience deep despair. They need support

<div class="theconversation-article-body"> <p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/amanda-cole-1484502">Amanda Cole</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/edith-cowan-university-720">Edith Cowan University</a></em></p> <p>In the aftermath of the <a href="https://theconversation.com/bondi-attacker-had-mental-health-issues-but-most-people-with-mental-illness-arent-violent-227868">tragic Bondi knife attack</a>, Joel Cauchi’s parents have <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/video/2024/apr/15/bondi-junction-stabbings-joel-cauchis-father-extremely-sorry-for-victims-video">spoken</a> about their son’s long history of mental illness, having been diagnosed with schizophrenia at age 17. They said they were “devastated and horrified” by their son’s actions. “To you he’s a monster,” said his father. “But to me he was a very sick boy.”</p> <p>Globally, one out of every eight people <a href="https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-disorders">report a mental illness</a>. In Australia, <a href="https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/mental-health-services/mental-health">one in five people experience a mental illness</a> in their lifetime.</p> <p>Mental illness and distress affects not only the person living with the condition, but <a href="https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/australias-health/chronic-conditions-and-multimorbidity">family members and communities</a>. As the prevalence of mental health problems grows, the flow-on effect to family members, including caregivers, and the impact on families as a unit, is also rising.</p> <p>While every family is different, the words of the Cauchis draw attention to how families can experience distress, stress, fear, powerlessness, and still love, despite the challenges and trauma. How can they help a loved one? And who can they turn to for support?</p> <h2>The role of caregivers</h2> <p>Informal caregivers help others <a href="https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/australias-welfare/informal-carers">within the context of an existing relationship</a>, such as a family member. The care they provide goes beyond the usual expectations or demands of such relationships.</p> <p>Around <a href="https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/australias-welfare/informal-carers">2.7 million Australians</a> provide informal care. For almost a third of these the person’s primary medical diagnosis is psychological or psychiatric.</p> <p>It has <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1074840708323598">long been acknowledged</a> that those supporting a family member with ongoing mental illness need support themselves.</p> <p>In the 1980s, interest grew in caregiving dynamics within families of people grappling with mental health issues. Subsequent research recognised <a href="http://www.aihw.gov.au/chronic-diseases/">chronic health conditions</a> not only affect the quality of life and wellbeing of the people experiencing them, but also impose burdens that reverberate within relationships, caregiving roles, and family dynamics over time.</p> <p>Past studies have shown families of those diagnosed with chronic mental illness are increasingly forced to <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24943714/">manage their own depression</a>, experience elevated levels of <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23692348/">emotional stress</a>, negative states of mind and <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21165597/">decreased overall mental health</a>.</p> <p>Conditions such as depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia can severely impact daily functioning, relationships, and <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36875411/">overall quality of life</a>. Living with mental illness is often accompanied by a myriad of challenges. From stigma and discrimination to difficulty accessing adequate health care and support services. Patients and their families navigate a complex and often isolating journey.</p> <h2>The family is a system</h2> <p>The concept of <a href="http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/40336/1/16937_eng.pdf">family health</a> acknowledges the physical and psychological wellbeing of a person is significantly affected by the family.</p> <p>Amid these challenges, <a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1330720/full">family support</a> emerges as a beacon of hope. Research consistently demonstrates strong familial relationships and support systems play a pivotal role in mitigating the adverse effects of mental illness. Families provide emotional support, practical assistance, and a sense of belonging that are vital for people struggling with mental illness.</p> <p>My recent <a href="https://www.collegianjournal.com/article/S1322-7696(24)00004-0/fulltext">research</a> highlights the profound impact of mental illness on family dynamics, emphasising the resilience and endurance shown by participants. Families struggling with mental illness often experience heightened emotional fluctuations, with extreme highs and lows. The enduring nature of family caregiving entails both stress and adaptation over an extended period. Stress associated with caregiving and the demands on personal resources and coping mechanisms builds and builds.</p> <p>Yet families I’ve <a href="https://www.collegianjournal.com/article/S1322-7696(24)00004-0/fulltext">interviewed</a> find ways to live “a good life”. They prepare for the peaks and troughs, and show endurance and persistence. They make space for mental illness in their daily lives, describing how it spurs adaptation, acceptance and inner strength within the family unit.</p> <p>When treating a person with mental illness, health practitioners need to consider the entire family’s needs and engage with family members. By fostering open and early dialogue and providing comprehensive support, health-care professionals can empower families to navigate the complexities of mental illness while fostering resilience and hope for the future. Family members <a href="https://www.collegianjournal.com/article/S1322-7696(24)00004-0/fulltext">express stories</a> of an inner struggle, isolation and exhaustion.</p> <h2>Shifting the focus</h2> <p>There is a pressing need for a shift in research priorities, from illness-centered perspectives to a <a href="https://shop.elsevier.com/books/child-youth-and-family-health-strengthening-communities/barnes/978-0-7295-4155-8">strengths-based focus</a> when considering families “managing” mental illness.</p> <p>There is transformative potential in harnessing strengths to respond to challenges posed by mental illnesses, while also <a href="https://www.collegianjournal.com/article/S1322-7696(24)00004-0/fulltext">supporting family members</a>.</p> <p>For people facing mental health challenges, having <a href="https://www.sane.org/information-and-resources/facts-and-guides/families-friends-carers">loved ones who listen without judgement</a> and offer empathy can alleviate feelings of despair. Beyond emotional support, families often serve as crucial caregivers, assisting with <a href="https://www.blackdoginstitute.org.au/emergency-help/helping-someone-else/">daily tasks, medication management and navigating the health-care system</a>.</p> <p>As the Cauchi family so painfully articulated, providing support for a family member with mental illness is intensely challenging. Research <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4804270/">shows</a> caregiver burnout, financial strain and strained relationships are common.</p> <p>Health-care professionals should prioritise support for family members at an early stage. In Australia, there are various support options available for families living with mental illness. <a href="https://www.carergateway.gov.au/?utm_source=google&amp;utm_medium=paid-search&amp;utm_campaign=10626744435&amp;utm_adgroup=102994881737&amp;utm_term=carer%20gateway%20wa&amp;gad_source=1&amp;gclid=EAIaIQobChMIt8T6pJzIhQMVjAyDAx2KiQl1EAAYASAAEgLj-fD_BwE">Carer Gateway</a> provides information, support and access to services. <a href="https://www.headspace.com/?utm_source=google&amp;utm_medium=search&amp;utm_campaign=HS_Headspace_Brand-Exact_Search_AU-INT_Google_NA&amp;utm_content=&amp;utm_term=headspace&amp;gad_source=1&amp;gclid=EAIaIQobChMI4uKKvpzIhQMVFheDAx1bZgk8EAAYASAAEgLy6vD_BwE">Headspace</a> offers mental health services and supports to young people and their families.</p> <p>Beyond these national services, GPs, nurses, nurse practitioners and local community health centres are key to early conversations. Mental health clinics and hospitals often target family involvement in treatment plans.</p> <p>While Australia has made strides in recognising the importance of family support, challenges persist. Access to services can vary based on geographic location and demand, leaving some families under-served or facing long wait times. And the level of funding and resources allocated to family-oriented mental health support often does not align with the demand or complexity of need.</p> <p>In the realm of mental illness, family support serves as a lifeline for people navigating the complexities of their conditions.</p> <hr /> <p><em>If this article has raised issues for you, or if you’re concerned about someone you know, call <a href="https://www.lifeline.org.au/">Lifeline</a> on 13 11 14.</em><!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/228007/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https://theconversation.com/republishing-guidelines --></p> <p><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/amanda-cole-1484502"><em>Amanda Cole</em></a><em>, Lead, Mental Health, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/edith-cowan-university-720">Edith Cowan University</a></em></p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images </em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/families-including-someone-with-mental-illness-can-experience-deep-despair-they-need-support-228007">original article</a>.</em></p> </div>

Caring

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Gratitude amplified: Unlocking the key to happiness and deep connections

<p>In today's fast-paced world, filled with negative news, challenging experiences, and personal losses, finding joy and gratitude can often be a difficult task.</p> <p>As we naturally tend to focus on the negative aspects of life, it becomes essential to pause and cultivate gratitude, which can have a profound impact on our lives and the lives of those around us.</p> <p><strong>What is gratitude? </strong></p> <p>Gratitude involves showing appreciation for the things in life that are important to you, and taking a moment to notice and acknowledge these moments have proven benefits of lifting mood and helping you feel more positive throughout the day. Have you ever stopped to notice that there is something to be grateful for every day if we just take stock? It could be a person who kindly let you merge into traffic, a refreshing breeze on a scorching day, a beautiful rainbow after a heavy downpour, or a thoughtful call or text from a friend. </p> <p>Gratitude is strongly and consistently associated with greater happiness. Gratitude helps people feel more positive emotions, relish good experiences, improve their health, deal with adversity, and build strong relationships. We also know that Gratitude begets gratitude, meaning that any kind act is likely to bring kindness back, in spades! </p> <p><strong>Practice Gratitude – Write down 3 things per day</strong></p> <p><a href="https://theresilienceproject.com.au/">The Resilience Project</a> changed my life by introducing a simple practice: at the end of each day, we take five minutes to write down three things we are grateful for that happened that day. It could be as simple as a walk in the sun, a phone call from a friend, a stroll with your dog, or even a comforting cup of tea. </p> <p>Engaging in this exercise helps you articulate your gratitude and realise the abundance of things to be grateful for in our everyday lives.</p> <p>I personally experienced the transformative power of gratitude during the two years of COVID lockdown in Victoria while working full-time and home schooling my two boys, aged 8 and 10. Our family embraced this practice each night, which not only changed our outlook on life but also sparked positive conversations during dinner.</p> <p>Surprisingly, it was often the simplest things we were all grateful for, like homemade meals or cherished moments of togetherness.</p> <p>I distinctly remember preparing a hot meal and passing it over our neighbour's fence when their family was unwell with COVID. To our surprise, a few weeks later, they reciprocated with a homecooked meal. In those challenging times, a sense of community became such a source of positivity, and we were immensely grateful for the love that went into that dinner.</p> <p>So why not take the time to stop and smell the roses and practice gratitude? Who knows, over time, you may start to notice your stress levels decreasing, your relationships improving, and be blessed with a strengthened sense of community.</p> <p><strong><em>Melissa Cutajar is <a href="https://www.connectedwomen.net/">Connected Women</a>’s Member Experience and Partnerships Manager. With a deep interest in health and wellness, Melissa is a source of positivity and creativity to the Connected Women team.</em></strong></p> <p><strong><em><a href="http://connectedwomen.net/">Connected Women</a> provides a community for women over 50 to connect with each other and build meaningful friendships. With a rapidly growing communities in Perth, Sydney, Wollongong, and Melbourne, Connected Women provides a safe and welcoming space for women to come together and share experiences. To learn more about the organisation and how you can get involved, visit connectedwomen.net.</em></strong></p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p>

Relationships

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How to deep clean your kitchen bin

<p>Cleaning the kitchen bin is household chore that can be easily overlooked until a stench begins to creep into your home.</p> <p>To rid your bin of the odour, follow these deep cleaning steps so that you can have a fresh-smelling and clean kitchen bin.</p> <p><strong>1. Put on your rubber gloves</strong></p> <p>Cleaning a bin requires you to handle an object that has been full of food scraps and questionable liquids, it is best to wear some rubber gloves to protect you from the germs.</p> <p><strong>2. Empty the bin</strong></p> <p>Begin by emptying your bin and ensuring that there are no lingering food particles in the bottom. Your main objective is to remove any gunk that can be seen.</p> <p><strong>3. Wash the bin</strong></p> <p>If you have access to an outside area, take your bin outside and hose it down. If you can only clean your bin indoors, then you can do this in the bathtub. Once the bin has been rinsed, pat it down with paper towel.</p> <p><strong>4. Spray with disinfectant</strong></p> <p>Using a disinfectant cleaner of your preference, generously spray down the inside and outside of your bin. Also include the top and bottom of the bin as you spray.</p> <p><strong>5. Scrub the bin</strong></p> <p>Use a toilet brush or other long-handled nylon bristle brush to scrub your bin thoroughly. After you have finished scrubbing all over, let the disinfectant cleaner sit for five minutes.</p> <p><strong>6. Rinse and dry</strong></p> <p>After the five minutes has passed, rinse the can thoroughly. Depending on what you prefer, let the bin dry in the sun or dry it with a towel.</p> <p>Once you have deep cleaned your bin, maintain your hard work by wiping down the inside and outside of the bin with disinfectant spray every time you empty the trash can.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p>

Home & Garden

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"Deep gratitude": Meghan Markle pays tribute to Queen Elizabeth

<p>Meghan Markle has paid tribute to the late Queen Elizabeth, saying she feels "deep gratitude" for the time she got to spend with the monarch. </p> <p>In a tell-all interview with <a href="https://variety.com/2022/digital/features/meghan-markle-grieving-queen-elizabeth-working-harry-1235407176/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Variety</a>, the Duchess of Sussex reflected on the extraordinary events of the past month since the Queen passed, and how it affected her family.</p> <p>She said, "There’s been such an outpouring of love and support.”</p> <p>“I’m really grateful that I was able to be with my husband to support him, especially during that time."</p> <div id="indie-campaign-rHsIzpAmAj7xkA4llYlH-2" data-campaign-name="NCA ENTERTAINMENT newsletter" data-campaign-indie="newsletter-signup" data-jira="TSN-268" data-from="1640955600000" data-to="1677502800000"></div> <p>“What’s so beautiful is to look at the legacy that his grandmother was able to leave on so many fronts. Certainly, in terms of female leadership, she is the most shining example of what that looks like."</p> <p>“I feel deep gratitude to have been able to spend time with her and get to know her. </p> <p>“It’s been a complicated time, but my husband, ever the optimist, said, ‘Now she’s reunited with her husband.’”</p> <p>Meghan was also asked if she had any thoughts about her relationship with the Queen following her death. </p> <p>“I’ve reflected on that first official engagement that I had with her, how special that felt. I feel fortunate,” Meghan said.</p> <p>“And I continue to be proud to have had a nice warmth with the matriarch of the family.”</p> <p>The Duchess was also quizzed about her recent interview with The Cut, which "some found to be snarky".</p> <p>In that interview, Meghan claimed that "just by existing", her and Prince Harry were "upsetting the dynamic" of the royal family. </p> <p>Since then, she said she has had time to reflect on the story. </p> <p>She said, “Part of me is just really trusting, really open — that’s how I move in the world. I have to remember that I don’t ever want to become so jaded that that piece of me goes away. So despite any of those things? Onward. I can survive it.”</p> <p><em>Image credits: Variety</em></p>

Family & Pets

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Which of these pictures is a deepfake? Your brain knows the answer before you do

<p>Deepfakes – AI-generated videos and pictures of people – are becoming more and more realistic. This makes them the perfect weapon for disinformation and fraud.</p> <p>But while you might consciously be tricked by a deepfake, new evidence suggests that your brain knows better. Fake portraits cause different signals to fire on brain scans, according to a paper <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2022.108079" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">published</a> in <em>Vision Research.</em></p> <p>While you consciously can’t spot the fake (for those playing at home, the face on the right is the phony), your neurons are more reliable.</p> <p>“Your brain sees the difference between the two images. You just can’t see it yet,” says co-author Associate Professor Thomas Carlson, a researcher at the University of Sydney’s School of Psychology.</p> <p>The researchers asked volunteers to view a series of several hundred photos, some of which were real and some of which were fakes generated by a GAN (a Generative Adversarial Network, a common way of making deepfakes).</p> <p>One group of 200 participants was asked to guess which images were real, and which were fake, by pressing a button.</p> <p>A different group of 22 participants didn’t guess, but underwent electroencephalography (EEG) tests while they were viewing the images.</p> <p>The EEGs showed distinct signals when participants were viewing deepfakes, compared to real images.</p> <p>“The brain is responding different than when it sees a real image,” says Carlson.</p> <div class="newsletter-box"> <div id="wpcf7-f6-p197814-o1" class="wpcf7" dir="ltr" lang="en-US" role="form"> </div> </div> <p>“It’s sort of difficult to figure out what exactly it’s picking up on, because all you can really see is that it is different – that’s something we’ll have to do more research to figure out.”</p> <p>The EEG scans weren’t foolproof: they could only spot deepfakes 54% of the time. But that’s significantly better than the participants who were guessing consciously. People only found deepfakes 37% of the time – worse than if they’d just flipped a coin.</p> <p>“The fact that the brain can detect deepfakes means current deepfakes are flawed,” says Carlson.</p> <p>“If we can learn how the brain spots deepfakes, we could use this information to create algorithms to flag potential deepfakes on digital platforms like Facebook and Twitter.”</p> <p>It could also be used to prevent fraud and theft.</p> <p>“EEG-enabled helmets could have been helpful in preventing recent bank heist and corporate fraud cases in Dubai and the UK, where scammers used cloned voice technology to steal tens of millions of dollars,” says Carlson.</p> <p>“In these cases, finance personnel thought they heard the voice of a trusted client or associate and were duped into transferring funds.”</p> <p>But this is by no means a guarantee. The researchers point out in their paper that, even while they were doing the research, GANs got more advanced and generated better fake images than the ones they used in their study. It’s possible that, once the algorithms exist, deepfakers will just figure out ways to circumvent them.</p> <p>“That said, the deepfakes are always being generated by a computer that has an ‘idea’ of what a face is,” says Carlson.</p> <p>“As long as it’s generating these things from this ‘idea’, there might be just the slightest thing that’s wrong. It’s a matter of figuring out what’s wrong with it this time.”</p> <p><img id="cosmos-post-tracker" style="opacity: 0; height: 1px!important; width: 1px!important; border: 0!important; position: absolute!important; z-index: -1!important;" src="https://syndication.cosmosmagazine.com/?id=197814&amp;title=Which+of+these+pictures+is+a+deepfake%3F+Your+brain+knows+the+answer+before+you+do" width="1" height="1" /></p> <div id="contributors"> <p><em><a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/technology/deepfakes-brain-eegs/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">This article</a> was originally published on <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Cosmos Magazine</a> and was written by <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/contributor/ellen-phiddian" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ellen Phiddian</a>. Ellen Phiddian is a science journalist at Cosmos. She has a BSc (Honours) in chemistry and science communication, and an MSc in science communication, both from the Australian National University.</em></p> <p><em>Image: Moshel et al. 2022, Vision Research, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2022.108079</em></p> </div>

Technology

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E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial at 40 – a deep meditation on loneliness, and Spielberg’s most exhilarating film

<p>40 years ago this month saw the release of Steven Spielberg’s <a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0083866/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial</a> – a film about a stranded alien, the boy called Elliott who discovers it and a bond of friendship that remains as magical and heartbreaking as it did back in 1982.</p> <p>We think of Spielberg movies today as thrilling roller-coaster rides, full of sharks, dinosaurs and swashbuckling archaeologists. Yet for me, E.T. remains Spielberg’s most exhilarating work: a deep meditation on loneliness, friendship and growing up in small-town America.</p> <p>Aided by John Williams’s Oscar-winning score and Henry Thomas and Drew Barrymore’s touching performances, E.T. feels both of its time and for all time. As Spielberg <a href="https://www.contactmusic.com/pages/et2x21x03x02" target="_blank" rel="noopener">once said</a>:</p> <p>I think that E.T. is for the people we are, the people we have been and the people we want to be again.</p> <h2>A child in need of a friend</h2> <p>After the breathless trio of Jaws (1975), Close Encounters of the Third Kind (1977) and Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981), Spielberg wanted to make a more intimate film about his isolated childhood in suburban Arizona <a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/steven-spielberg-et-divorce-parents-anniversary-b2063879.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">as he came to terms</a> with the divorce of his parents.</p> <p>At the same time, he had commissioned a script about a suburban family terrorised by a group of aliens with one befriending the family’s son. The DNA of both stories would make their way into this film.</p> <p>Like Spielberg, Elliott is a loner. He’s not playing sport, or going out with girls or getting into trouble. He is introverted and thoughtful. And in need of company.</p> <p>One of Spielberg’s great underrated talents is his direction of children. Many of his films feature young children at their centre – think The BFG (2016), A.I. (2001) and War Horse (2011).</p> <p>In E.T., Henry Thomas and Drew Barrymore as brother and sister Elliott and Gertie bring credibility and pathos to their roles, fitting seamlessly into the southern Californian ‘burb culture recreated so fondly by the director.</p> <p>Spielberg’s grasp of childlike wonder is everywhere: notice how he shoots from the children’s eye level and shows adults only from the waist down.</p> <p>For the first time in his career, Spielberg rejected storyboards and <a href="https://ascmag.com/articles/spielberg-et-the-extraterrestrial" target="_blank" rel="noopener">shot scenes chronologically</a>, allowing Thomas and Barrymore time and space to improvise. The domestic and school scenes (hiding E.T. from the mother, tempting it into the house with Reese’s Pieces, freeing frogs destined for dissection) all feel more real because of this.</p> <h2>And what of our alien?</h2> <p>Before E.T., Hollywood saw aliens as hostile critters intent on planetary carnage. The recent extra-terrestrials in Alien (1979) and The Thing (1982) had caused havoc and trauma.</p> <p>E.T. is different: partly modelled on the facial features of Albert Einstein, it is inquisitive, thoughtful, funny. In the delightful Halloween scene, Elliott throws a white sheet over it as a disguise, and E.T. suddenly spots a child dressed up as Yoda, excitedly repeating “Home! Home!”.</p> <p>From this moment, Hollywood realised the marketing potential of “cute aliens”; whether Ewoks, Grogu or Toy Story’s “Little Green Men”. It is small wonder that Variety <a href="https://variety.com/1982/film/reviews/e-t-the-extra-terrestrial-1200425287/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">praised</a> E.T. as the “best Disney film Disney never made”.</p> <p>The alien plays another role too: it fills the void of the absent father.</p> <p>Paternal lack and the strains it places on families is a familiar trope in Spielberg’s films, from Jurassic Park (1993) to Catch Me If You Can (2002) to Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989).</p> <p>All we know is that Elliott’s father is “in Mexico, with Sally”: left behind is a stressed mother and bickering siblings.</p> <p>Some contend that E.T. is a <a href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4239568?seq=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">modern-day fairy tale</a> or <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/1982/08/15/movies/l-film-mailbag-is-et-a-religious-parable-073792.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a Christian parable</a>. For others, it is an illustration of “<a href="https://edoc.hu-berlin.de/bitstream/handle/18452/23096/9783631837801%20%E2%80%93%20Echoes%20of%20Reaganism%20in%20Hollywood%20Blockbuster%20Movies%20from%20the%201980s%20to%20the%202010s.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reaganite entertainment</a>”, upholding the sanctity of the nuclear family but distrustful of bureaucratic interference and governmental surveillance.</p> <h2>Spielberg at his best</h2> <p>E.T. earned US$800 million at the box office. Adjusted for inflation, four decades on, that is still the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_films_in_the_United_States_and_Canada#Adjusted_for_ticket-price_inflation" target="_blank" rel="noopener">fourth highest grossing</a> movie ever.</p> <p>For some naysayers, its success was further evidence of the special effects-laden, high-concept spectacle film that was beginning to reign in mainstream film culture. But I think E.T. is much more than that: it is a movie with a heart. The special effects are minimal. What counts is the story, and the boy and his friend.</p> <p>Spielberg’s films are to this day <a href="https://www.indiewire.com/2011/12/critics-notebook-putting-steven-spielberg-on-trial-50244/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">criticised</a> as mawkish and overly sentimental, deliberately engineered to cynically manipulate our emotions. Not so in E.T.: the pleasure is genuine and the tears are earned.</p> <p>E.T. became a pop culture phenomenon. The shot of Elliott and E.T. on a bike, flying across the moon, remains an iconic image. “Phone home” has become part of our lexicon. Its message of peaceful coexistence between creatures from different worlds today seems more appropriate than ever.</p> <p>Aliens stranded on earth are a staple of contemporary cinema, from Under the Skin (2013) to The Iron Giant (1999). And Netflix’s current global hit Stranger Things contains a treasure trove of E.T.’s visual references.</p> <p>Spielberg may have made bigger, louder films, and more historically profound ones, but E.T. endures as his best.</p> <p><em><strong>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://theconversation.com/e-t-the-extra-terrestrial-at-40-a-deep-meditation-on-loneliness-and-spielbergs-most-exhilarating-film-183985" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Conversation</a>.</strong></em></p> <p><em>Image: Shutterstock</em></p>

Movies

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Preppers is a deep reading of colonial violence – and a hilarious, must-watch Aussie TV comedy

<p>A sophisticated multi-layered critique of colonialism, capitalism and patriarchy with an all-star Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cast (along with some well-known non-Indigenous personalities playing an assortment of “allies”), Preppers is hilarious.</p> <p>Trying to navigate being the only Indigenous person on an all-white TV morning show, Wake up Australia, and dealing with <a href="https://www.booktopia.com.au/unmasking-the-racial-contract-debbie-bargallie/book/9781925302653.html">daily microaggressions</a>, Charlie (Nakkiah Lui) finds herself suffering feelings of inadequacy and soothing herself with self-help affirmations.</p> <p>Then, after a series of unfortunate events, she wakes to find herself at a doomsday preppers hold out known as “Eden 2”. The six-part series then unfolds in an isolated camp where power relations shift as everyone prepares for the end of the world.</p> <p>The core cast of seven is led by a group of brilliant Blak actors: Lui is joined by Jack Charles, Meyne Wyatt, Ursula Yovich and Aaron McGrath, with non-Indigenous actors Eryn Jean Norvill and Chum Ehelepola rounding out the preppers.</p> <p>Many other wonderful actors move in and out of the series, including Miranda Tapsell, Luke Carroll and Christine Anu, as it tackles some big issues such as colonial violence, frontier wars, inter-generational trauma and the politics of identity.</p> <p>But it does this all in the great Aussie tradition of <a href="https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-84796-8_6">taking the piss</a>: making fun of the things that are absurd, risible, offensive and hurtful.</p> <p><iframe width="440" height="260" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/nvb1Mx34TiA?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen=""></iframe></p> <h2>A story of allyship</h2> <p><a href="https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-84796-8_10">Much has been written on the topic of allyship</a> with Indigenous people, particularly the danger that, in seeking “ally” status one is really seeking to position oneself as the “good white person”.</p> <p>If white allies are motivated solely by a desire to be seen as a “good person”, there is a danger they might remain <a href="https://ro.uow.edu.au/lhapapers/2070/">ignorant of or indifferent</a> to larger structures of power. Preppers explores this complexity in a way that will make us all laugh, while also revealing how allyship operates to silence or take from Indigenous people.</p> <p><a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/430732/original/file-20211108-25-bmjnpb.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/430732/original/file-20211108-25-bmjnpb.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt="A white woman dressed like a coloniser, and an Aboriginal woman dressed as an Aussie flag thong." /></a> <span class="caption">Is this allyship?</span> <span class="attribution"><span class="source">ABC TV</span></span></p> <p>In one episode, the group is accidentally locked in the bunker. Jayden (Aaron McGrath) calls on Kirby (Eryn Jean Norvill) to be sacrificed before they run out of air. As Jayden describes it, this would be “the ultimate display of white allyship”.</p> <p>Kirby, not very happy to comply, responds by stating she should survive to go on and tell the story.</p> <p>“We don’t need another white person to tell a Black story,” says Jayden.</p> <p><a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/430731/original/file-20211108-10550-nd7vuv.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/430731/original/file-20211108-10550-nd7vuv.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt="A white woman with a shotgun mike, looked on by three Aboriginal people." /></a> <span class="caption">‘We don’t need another white person to tell a Black story’, Jayden tells Kirby.</span> <span class="attribution"><span class="source">ABC TV</span></span></p> <p>Becoming an ally is no simple or straightforward matter. Instead, it requires constant reflection on your social position, and remaining accountable to those with whom you are “allied” – but you probably won’t be called to self-sacrifice to ensure enough air is left in your doomsday bunker.</p> <p>In true Hollywood end-of-days fashion, the group turns on itself. Kirby declares Charlie (Lui) will be the one to die.</p> <p>Charlie’s reward will be becoming the namesake for a future child of born again Christians Lionel (New Zealand-Sri Lankan actor Chum Ehelepola) and Kelly (Ursula Yovich). Not the first or the second child but one of the later ones, Kelly notes.</p> <p>An annual day of honour will also be bestowed upon Charlie – “a day of mourning and dancing and stuff”. Thankfully, they are saved by the arrival of Charlie’s mum, Marie (Christine Anu).</p> <h2>Tough truths through comedy</h2> <p>Preppers unpacks what we think we know – and what has been taught to us as truth – about colonisation. In one scene, bones are found. The preppers suspect the bones could be those of an Aboriginal person killed during the frontier wars.</p> <p>The truth of these atrocities is questioned by some members of the group. “Don’t they teach you that in school?”, Jayden asks.</p> <p>“We used to make boomerangs out of Popsicle sticks, does that count?”, asks Lionel.</p> <p><a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/430733/original/file-20211108-10010-1o9yuk7.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/430733/original/file-20211108-10010-1o9yuk7.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt="Jack Charles" /></a> <span class="caption">Through Monty (Jack Charles), Preppers tells the truth about Australia’s history.</span> <span class="attribution"><span class="source">ABC TV</span></span></p> <p>The resident Elder, Monty (Jack Charles), reveals he may have some records of local frontier wars and quips “that is the thing with you white fellas. You deny it but you wrote it down”.</p> <p>Describing <a href="https://www.sbs.com.au/news/the-feed/this-interactive-map-highlights-150-indigenous-massacres">frontier violence</a> as an apocalypse, Monty shows the group a series of slides of colonial soldiers and settlers killing Aboriginal people, declaring they were “led by a cruel man, a real dog. He shot, burnt, beat, hung local Aboriginal people”.</p> <p>Even though Preppers is a comedy, the show provides a deep reading often left out of recollections of colonial violence. Indigenous people were not just passive victims of the heinous crimes. They were people who fought for their lives and Country.</p> <p>“They ambushed this colonial dog and his men, stole their weapons and turned the guns back on them. The Blackfullas had their revenge”, says Monty.</p> <h2>Blackfulla deadly</h2> <p>From Charlie, whose anxiety manifests into uncontrollable flatulence, to a Black <a href="https://www.vulture.com/2019/04/is-you-vs-wild-real-netflix-bear-gryllls.html">Bear Grylls</a>-alpha-male-wannabe (Guy, played by Meyne Wyatt), to a pair of amorous born again Christians practising abstinence, Preppers includes brilliant performances from all in the cast.</p> <p>Preppers embodies the true definition of Blak humour in all its intricacies, and the unique ways Indigenous comedy can address the complexities of everyday life of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in contemporary Australia.</p> <p>The series is, to quote a line in one of the episodes, “like deadly, like Blackfulla deadly, not like gammin [fake or pretend]” - a must watch!</p> <p><em>Preppers is on ABC from November 10.</em><!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/170100/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https://theconversation.com/republishing-guidelines --></p> <p><span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/bronwyn-carlson-136214">Bronwyn Carlson</a>, Professor, Indigenous Studies and Director of The Centre for Global Indigenous Futures, <em><a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/macquarie-university-1174">Macquarie University</a></em></span></p> <p>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/preppers-is-a-deep-reading-of-colonial-violence-and-a-hilarious-must-watch-aussie-tv-comedy-170100">original article</a>.</p> <p><em>Image: ABC</em></p>

TV

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New “miracle” Parkinson’s treatment can be done “anywhere in the world”

<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">World-first technology has opened doors for new treatment of Parkinson’s disease, with the new wireless implants being dubbed a “miracle” by patients.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) implants reduce the symptoms of Parkinsons, and have required adjusting from a neurologist every time a patient’s condition changes - until now.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The new technology from neuromodulation company Abbott allows specialists to adjust DBS devices remotely over the internet.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">For 70-year-old Clive Couperthwaite, the first patient to use the new tech as part of a clinical trial last year, the development has put an end to his two-hour commutes for 20-minute adjustments to his implant.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;"> “I’m not the patient that lives the furthest away, but it’s a complication to get in [to visit a specialist] … if you live in Longreach or some place out of the city - it’s a major demand, Mr Couperthwaite <a rel="noopener" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-10-29/qld-remote-brain-function-parkinsons-treatment-breakthrough/100576716" target="_blank">said</a>.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“When you live so far away from your specialist, it’s anxiety-provoking because what if something goes wrong.</span></p> <p><img style="width: 0px; height: 0px;" src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/7845200/_0-17-screenshot.png" alt="" data-udi="umb://media/b2d4ab738fcf499ea41e2d814c23d5f2" /></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Clive Couperthwaite, the first person to use the new remote technology. Image: Abbott / YouTube</span></em></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“You feel like you can live again - you don’t have to keep looking over your shoulder.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The technology has been approved for use in Australia, Europe, and the United States.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Professor Peter Silburn, a neurologist from the Queensland Brain Institute, said the development of the new technology has been “the most exciting development” in treatment of the neurological disease since the DBS device itself.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The DBS device works as a pacemaker for the brain, sending electrical signals to areas responsible for movement to reduce symptoms.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“We take away the cardinal symptoms of Parkinson’s and we’re able to take the drugs right down - if not stop them all together,” Dr Silburn said.</span></p> <p><img style="width: 0px; height: 0px;" src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/7845199/_1-26-screenshot.png" alt="" data-udi="umb://media/80b1ad454cf64e9bbdeab17e3c6b2dce" /></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Two electrodes are implanted in the brain and receive electrical signals from the device, implanted in the chest. Image: Abbott / YouTube</span></em></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Without the new technology, Dr Silburn said the device may need to be adjusted as frequently as every two weeks.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Now, the wireless technology allows specialists such as Dr Silburn to connect with patients via an app installed on paired devices - meaning that adjustments can be made from anywhere in the world.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“This is going to have a major impact for particularly regional Australians,” Dr Silburn said.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“It reduces the burden of care, whether you’re remote in the bush or an hour away in the car - someone has to give up their time to bring you in.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“If you’re way out in the middle of Australia and something goes wrong, you need to have a Careflight, that could be completely eliminated.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Mr Couperthwaite said the DBS implant is the source of his autonomy, allowing him to complete tasks from painting to kayaking.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Before I was shaking through my hands, I couldn’t write my name legibly,” he said.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Migual Diaz, the chief executive of Parkinson’s Australia, said the new development could lead more people to pursue DBS as a form of treatment, especially if they are geographically isolated.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“People [who] may have been put off by the fact that you have to come to Brisbane to have [adjustments] and have opted not to have DBS surgery might now reconsider that,” he said.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Currently, there is no cure for Parkinson’s, so anything that will improve their wellbeing is an absolute benefit and we’ve got to pursue it.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The technology has been made available to select hospitals, with the expectation it will be available nation-wide by 2022.</span></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Image: Abbott / YouTube</span></em></p>

Technology

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"Deep sadness": Hugh Jackman's tragic news

<p>Hugh Jackman has announced his dad, Christopher, died on Father's Day and the Hollywood star has shared a powerful tribute to his father who "taught him everything" after his mother abandoned him as a child.</p> <p>The Australian actor, 56, shared the news on Instagram alongside an image of his father, saying: 'In the early hours of Father's Day (AU), my Dad peacefully passed away. And whilst there is deep sadness, I am filled with such gratitude and love. My Dad was<br />in a word, extraordinary. He devoted his life to his family, his work and his faith. I pray he is now at peace with God.’</p> <blockquote style="background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);" class="instagram-media" data-instgrm-permalink="https://www.instagram.com/p/CTelQMJrQSe/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" data-instgrm-version="13"> <div style="padding: 16px;"> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;"></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;"></div> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 19% 0;"></div> <div style="display: block; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;"></div> <div style="padding-top: 8px;"> <div style="color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;">View this post on Instagram</div> </div> <p style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none;" rel="noopener" href="https://www.instagram.com/p/CTelQMJrQSe/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" target="_blank">A post shared by Hugh Jackman (@thehughjackman)</a></p> </div> </blockquote> <p>Christopher Jackman was a British-born, Cambridge-educated accountant, who was believed to have been around 84 years old.</p> <p>Christopher and his ex-wife - Hugh's mum - Grace, are both British and while Hugh was born in Australia, he is a British citizen, having said: “My parents are English and I have a British passport so I'm a British citizen.”</p> <p>Grace left Oz and returned to her native England in the late '70s, leaving her husband to raise Hugh alone and his siblings alone when Hugh was eight-years-old..</p> <p>Recalling his difficult childhood previously Hugh has said: ''It was traumatic. 'I thought she was probably going to come back. And then it sort of dragged on and on.”</p> <p>It wasn't until Hugh was '12 or 13' that it dawned on him his mother would never return. In 2012, Hugh broke down on <em>60 Minutes</em> when discussing his mother leaving his father, himself and his siblings. He said: “My father is my rock. It's where I learned everything about loyalty, dependability, being there day in, day out, no matter what.”</p> <p>“It's always about the family,” he added of the values that his father has instilled in him. “Dad used to pray every night that mum would come back,” he added.</p> <p>Hugh once told an Australian magazine: “The thing I never felt - and I know this might sound strange - I never felt that my mum didn't love me.”</p> <p>The star told has said he felt traumatised and ashamed for years after his mother left but that he’s since come to realise over time that she was struggling with postnatal depression without a proper support system.</p> <p><img style="width: 500px; height: 281.36645962732916px;" src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/7843797/hugh-jackman-mum-um.jpg" alt="" data-udi="umb://media/e0061752e2164e4893c50b4574d967c1" /></p> <p>“At the time, it was difficult,” he said. “One of the main things I remember is that horrible feeling that people were talking about you and looking at you because it was odd for the mother to leave.</p> <p>“For many years, I thought it was not going to be forever, so I clung on to that. Up until about the age of 12 or 13, I thought mum and dad would get back together... Realising it wasn't going to happen was probably the toughest time to be honest.”</p> <p>Years later Hugh spoke to his mother about her decision to leave, and realised she had her own battles, which he wouldn't have been able to understand as a child.</p> <p>“I know she was struggling. She was in hospital after I was born suffering from post-natal depression,” he said.</p> <p>“And then you add five kids into the mix and the fact she had emigrated from England and there wasn't a support network for her here, plus the fact that dad was at work all day - and you realise that as parents we make mistakes,” he added.</p> <p>Hugh explained that having children of his own with wife Deborra-Lee Furness - they share son Oscar, 21, and daughter Ava, 16, both adopted - gave him “another level of empathy and understanding” that allowed him to build bridges with his mother.</p> <p>Fortunately, Hugh and his mother reconciled years later, and are now frequently pictured together at the actor's ritzy events and in social media posts.</p> <p><img style="width: 500px; height: 281.46853146853147px;" src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/7843798/hugh-jackman-6-um.jpg" alt="" data-udi="umb://media/9a19c66ec31a4b2093b1a14d676f0465" /></p> <p><strong>Frequent heartfelt tributes to his father</strong></p> <p>Hugh frequently shared heartfelt tributes to his father on social media. For Father's Day 2018, the Oscar-nominated star shared a touching post on Instagram alongside a photo of the beaming pair. 'Happy Father's Day to the man who taught me to show respect for others,' he posted.</p> <p>'For education, for being led by your passions. Who taught me to never stop growing and learning.’</p> <p>Hugh added: 'To work hard and realize that preparation is the bedrock for success. And above all, to find purpose beyond oneself.'</p> <p>The well-known actor finished the post with a simple: 'I love you Dad!'</p> <p><strong>25th wedding anniversary of his own</strong></p> <p>The Broadway actor recently celebrated his 25th wedding anniversary to wife Deborra-Lee Furness.</p> <p>In April, Hugh shared photos from their 1996 wedding day alongside a heartfelt tribute.</p> <p>'Being married to you, Deb, is as natural as breathing. From nearly the moment we met... I knew our destiny was to be together,' he began.</p> <p>'In our 25 years - our love has only grown deeper. The fun, excitement and adventure more exhilarating; the learning even greater.’</p> <p>In an interview with NBC's <em>Today </em>show earlier this year, he called his wife the 'most optimistic person' in his life.</p> <p>“Deb is the lightest, most optimistic person I've ever met in my life. Like, if you ever want to play who's the happiest person in the room, Deb wins,” he said.</p> <p>The couple moved from Sydney to New York with their children in 2008, where they own an apartment in the West Village.</p> <p><em>Image: Instagram</em></p>

Family & Pets

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Body fat deep below the surface is a toxic risk especially for your heart

<p>Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, it’s easy to forget one of the largest health challenges we face remains the global obesity epidemic. <a href="https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight">World Health Organisation data</a> shows obesity has nearly tripled in less than 50 years, with about <a href="https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight">40% of adults worldwide</a> now overweight or obese. High body fat increases the risk of chronic diseases, including heart problems, diabetes and cancer.</p> <p>However, it’s not simply the total amount of body fat that can increase the risk of disease. The type and location of fat is also important. We’ve known for some time that subcutaneous fat — the fat just below the skin — <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0171933513000459">increases inflammation</a> in the body. But in recent years, researchers have realised an even more serious risk is the unseen deep body fat that accumulates around vital organs.</p> <p><strong>Fat around organs can be ‘toxic’</strong></p> <p>Fat is not all bad — in fact, some fat does a lot of good. It helps protect vulnerable organs and tissues, and provides a convenient energy supply. If you’re out in the cold, it’s essential fuel for body warming through shivering.</p> <p>But excess fat can increase blood pressure and potentially lead to complications such as heart disease and stroke. Many clinicians use <a href="https://theconversation.com/body-mass-and-evolution-why-the-body-mass-index-is-a-limited-measure-of-public-health-79671">body mass index (BMI)</a> to measure a healthy weight range. It’s calculated as body weight divided by the square of height, and it factors in a healthy amount of fat.</p> <p>But BMI can’t provide information about the shape and size of potentially dangerous internal fat deposits, known as “visceral fat”. Over recent years it’s become apparent visceral fat can lead to disease, and good fat can turn into toxic fat when there is too much.</p> <p>Various organs seem to accumulate visceral fat. This can be a problem because it can create and release damaging molecules and hormones into the blood. These are transported in the bloodstream, potentially causing health complications in distant parts of the body.</p> <p>For example, toxic fat can release proteins that blunt the body’s sensitivity to insulin. Blood glucose levels then rise, potentially <a href="https://www.diabetes.co.uk/body/visceral-fat.html">causing diabetes in the long term</a>. Visceral fat can also stimulate uncontrolled cell growth and replication, <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/obesity/obesity-fact-sheet">potentially triggering some forms of cancer</a>. A fatty liver is associated with metabolic diseases, and excess kidney fat interferes with the body’s fluid balance.</p> <p><strong>The heart is especially vulnerable</strong></p> <p>Visceral fat can also directly affect the organ around which it’s wrapped. Our <a href="https://www.onlinejacc.org/content/76/10/1197?download=true">new research</a>, published in September in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, found visceral fat around the heart produces biochemical molecules that can make the heart beat erratically. These molecules potentially cause a serious heart condition called <a href="https://www.heartfoundation.org.au/conditions/atrial-fibrillation">atrial fibrillation</a>, by disrupting the heart’s electrical activity.</p> <p>Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common types of heart rhythm disturbance, and <a href="https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa612/5899003">one in three people</a> over 55 will develop the condition. It occurs when the regular signal to drive each heartbeat originating in the top portion of the heart, the atria, is disrupted. It can cause an irregular and chaotic heartbeat, disrupting the heart’s coordinated pumping action. This can mean not enough fresh blood is circulated to allow regular daily activity.</p> <p>For some people, living with episodes of atrial fibrillation is a daily challenge – coping with bouts of dizziness, the distressing awareness of a “racing heart”, and chest palpitations. Other people may be unaware they have the condition and the first sign could be tragic, such as a stroke due to a blood clot travelling to the brain. This can lead to <a href="https://www.heartfoundation.org.au/conditions/heart-failure">heart failure</a>.</p> <p>An advertisement from the Western Australian health department warning viewers about toxic fat. Only in recent years have researchers discovered the dangers of hidden fat around organs.</p> <p>We worked with clinical cardiologists at the Royal Melbourne Hospital and found fat around the heart secretes molecules which change how nearby cells “talk” to each other, slowing cell-to-cell communication. Because the transfer of electrical signals in the heart muscle are delayed, the heartbeat is potentially destabilised.</p> <p>Although a high BMI increases the risk of atrial fibrillation, it’s the fat burden on the heart, and not BMI itself, that’s most important in electrical and structural disruption.</p> <p>This suggests toxic substances released from the surrounding fat can directly harm the nearby organ, without travelling via the blood.</p> <p>For heart patients, these findings mean the surgical removal of cardiac fat could be an effective treatment to consider. Also, it potentially paves the way for the future development of drugs that can suppress the release of damaging molecules from hidden fat.</p> <p>Nevertheless, these findings underscore the danger of an “obese heart”, particularly amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Research is emerging that obesity is a major risk factor for <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/obesity-and-covid-19.html">serious complications while infected with the virus</a>, and the fat load on the heart may be implicated.</p> <p><em>Written by <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/lea-m-d-delbridge-1155735">Lea M D Delbridge</a>, University of Melbourne and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/james-bell-1156890">James Bell</a>, La Trobe University. Republished with permission of <a href="https://theconversation.com/body-fat-deep-below-the-surface-is-a-toxic-risk-especially-for-your-heart-146307">The Conversation</a>.</em></p> <p> </p>

Retirement Life

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Lockdown dangers: Young man dies of blood clot after video game binge

<p>A father has warned parents and young people to stay active during the coronavirus lockdown after his 24-year-old son died from deep vein thrombosis (DVT).</p> <p>In a post on Facebook, Stanley Greening, 56, <span>from Bedfordshire, in the UK</span> told friends about the death of his son Louis O’Neill in early June.</p> <p>“On 3rd June something so awful happened, the worst imaginable thing to happen to such a young man and the worst imaginable thing to happen to a parent,” he wrote.</p> <p>“My son, my dear boy, Louis, has gone. Not from the evil virus but because of it. His young life, barely begun, still trying to find his feet, just torn away.”</p> <p>Louis had been furloughed from his job as a soccer coach at Centre Parcs since mid-March, when the UK COVID-19 lockdown was first imposed.</p> <p>The young man then took to online gaming with friends to pass time, Stanley said.</p> <p>“Caught up in a virtual world he became less active, so easily done. Hours fly by when absorbed by the screen, I’ve done it countless times myself,” Stanley said.</p> <p>Two weeks before his death, Louis complained about a pain in his leg. He called emergency responders, who told him it could be food poisoning.</p> <p>“But no one, and I mean no one, ever in a million years would have predicted a blood clot,” Stanley said.</p> <p>“Who is warning youngsters? Who is warning anyone, of any age? No one!! So I am. My son will live on, I shall continue to spread this warning in his name.”</p> <p>Stanley said conversations with medical professionals revealed that cases of DVT in young people have been rising since the lockdown began.</p> <p>DVT is a blood clot that occurs in a deep vein, most commonly in the leg. Some of the risk factors associated with DVT include obesity, pregnancy, smoking, and certain medications as well as long periods of inactivity.</p> <p>“As more and more of us are working from home it is likely you are not getting out your chair as much as you need. Stand up, walk around, and please, warn your kids,” Stanley said.</p>

Body

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More than skin deep: Beauty salons are places of sharing and caring

<p>What happens when people visit beauty and hair salons? Are trips to the salon simply about shaping how one looks on the outside, or can these spaces involve something deeper?</p> <p>Research shows that beyond “beauty”, salons can be spaces for clients to have intimate conversations with salon workers.</p> <p>This means beyond technical hair and beauty skills, working in the industry involves listening to and managing the emotions of clients.</p> <p>In my <a href="https://blogs.deakin.edu.au/gender-and-sexuality-studies-research-network/2019/09/19/hannah-mccann-on-crisis-treatment-and-the-role-of-the-beauty-salon/">research</a> and interviews with salon workers between 2017 and 2019, most described themselves as makeshift counsellors. One sign in a Melbourne shopfront even read “<em>Therapy is expensive, get a haircut instead, we’re great listeners.”</em></p> <p><strong>Beyond the technical</strong></p> <p>Research conducted in the United States shows salon workers can act as “<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28388338">lay health educators</a>”. Workers have close physical contact with clients and potentially access to different and diverse communities, depending on the salon.</p> <p>Some US salon workers have even been engaged to assist public health campaigns, educating the general public about health issues such as melanoma, diabetes, and unintended pregnancy.</p> <p>Salon workers can develop a “<a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/002224299906300405">commercial friendship</a>” with clients as they maintain close physical proximity with the client over a long period. But they are neutral figures in relation to emotional disclosures.</p> <p>This relationship means clients may disclose more details about the troubles in their lives than they would to friends or family. <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0038038501035004007">UK research</a> also shows salons are spaces where workers often provide clients with emotional support.</p> <p>It’s appropriate then that initiatives have emerged across the globe to train hairdressers and other salon workers to respond to client disclosures.</p> <p>In Victoria the <a href="https://www.edvos.org.au/">Eastern Domestic Violence Service</a> has been running a program called <a href="https://www.edvos.org.au/hair-3rs/">Hair-3R’s</a> (recognise, respond and refer), to train salon workers to safely manage client disclosures of family violence.</p> <p>In some US states, “cosmetologists” (hairstylists, manicurists and other salon workers) are <a href="http://chicagosaysnomore.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/ChicagoSaysNoMore-2016-12-NewLawSalonProfessionals.pdf">legally required</a> to do formal training in domestic violence and sexual assault awareness every two years to renew their salon licenses.</p> <p><strong>What workers signed up for?</strong></p> <p>Expecting salon workers to respond to issues such as family violence is asking a lot. Low wages and sometimes <a href="https://theconversation.com/health-risks-beneath-the-painted-beauty-in-americas-nail-salons-41660">dangerous working conditions</a> persist in the beauty industry.</p> <p>When I interviewed <a href="https://www.edvos.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/EDVOS-HAIR-3Rs-RESEARCH-REPORT-2019.pdf">salon workers trained in the Hair-3R’s program</a>, I found they were relieved to be able to have frank discussions about the nature of their work, and grateful to receive support and guidance in negotiating these issues.</p> <p>Research has shown salon workers are likely to have clients <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26813297">disclose intimate partner violence</a> to them at some point. But workers I spoke with also mentioned a huge array of different issues clients bring up.</p> <p>Marriage breakdown, mental health, suicidal ideation, gender transition and job loss were among the client issues reported by workers.</p> <p>While the majority of conversations a worker has in a day or even over the course of a week may not be so “heavy”, they will likely encounter diverse and sometimes distressing stories, given the huge segment of the community they come into contact with over months and years. Many workers suggested the Hair-3Rs training was the first time they’d spoken about the emotional aspects of their work or had it recognised as something they negotiate daily.</p> <p><strong>Beyond the surface</strong></p> <p>Feminists <a href="https://www.penguin.com.au/books/the-beauty-myth-9780099595748">writing about beauty</a> have long focused on the gender expectations maintained in these spaces. From this perspective, salons have been seen as reinforcing stereotypes of how women should look and how they should maintain their bodies.</p> <p>A reframing of this perspective notes the beauty industry is highly feminised, dominated by workers who are working class and often migrant women. Salon workers are represented as low-skilled “bimbos” in popular culture and the media. It is therefore no surprise the emotional nature of this line of work has remained largely hidden and both economically and culturally undervalued.</p> <p>As the beauty industry continues to boom – a day spa, nail salon or laser hair removal clinic on almost every Australian street corner and dotted throughout our shopping centres – we might speculate people are accessing these services for reasons beyond maintaining appearances.</p> <p>While some may <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-09-05/economics-of-beauty-industry/10182320">lay the blame</a> on an increasingly image-soaked world due to the popularity of social media such as Instagram, we might also look to what kind of emotional refuge the salon is providing for a <a href="https://www.sbs.com.au/news/dateline/from-9-11-to-christchurch-earthquakes-how-unis-have-supported-students-after-a-crisis">world in crisis</a>.</p> <p>Further research is needed to identify what can be done to support workers in this industry, who may accidentally find themselves acting as untrained social workers or therapists with little community support or recognition.</p> <p><em>Written by Hannah McCann. Republished with permission of <a href="https://theconversation.com/more-than-skin-deep-beauty-salons-are-places-of-sharing-and-caring-127006">The Conversation.</a> </em></p>

Beauty & Style

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Bette Midler calls out Murdoch while digging deep for bushfire relief

<p>Bette Midler has pledged to donate $500,000 to the Australian bushfire relief efforts in a tweet challenging News Corp boss Rupert Murdoch.</p> <p>Midler said she plans on matching Pink’s donation, who generously gave $500,000 towards “the local fire services that are battling so hard on the frontlines” of the bushfire crisis.</p> <p>“I stand with you Pink,” said Midler.</p> <p>“I will match you, and while I’m at it, what do you think Rupert Murdoch will be doing for the country of his birth?”</p> <p>Midler has not remained silent in the wake of the bushfire tragedy, criticising Prime Minister Scott Morrison for his inability to lead in a tweet earlier this month.</p> <p>The singer and actress joins a long list of celebrities who have donated to the bushfire relief effort.</p> <p>Elton John pledged $1 million as he closed his Sydney show, with actor Chris Hemsworth and reality TV star Kylie Jenner also donating $1 million.</p> <p>Members of metal band Metallica announced that they were contributing $750,000 while Formula One driver Lewis Hamilton pledged close to $730,000.</p> <p>Kylie Minogue’s family and Nicole Kidman and Keith Urban has each said they would donate $500,000.</p> <p>But it was Aussie comedian Celeste Barber that managed to raise the most amount of money, with her fundraiser attracting over $50 million in donations.</p> <p><em>OverSixty, its parent company and its owners are donating a total of $200,000 to the Vinnie’s Bushfire Appeal. We have also pledged an additional $100,000 of product to help all those affected by the bushfire crisis. We would love you to support too! Head to the <a rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://donate.vinnies.org.au/appeals-nsw/vinnies-nsw-bushfire-appeal-nsw" target="_blank">Vinnie's website</a> to donate.</em></p>

Travel Trouble

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Try this deep-fried salt and pepper octopus

<p>Time to prepare 40 mins | Cooking Time 2 mins | Serves 6</p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Never cooked octopus at home? Try this easy entrée recipe today!</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Deep-frying, when done properly, is a great way to cook seafood. It’s fast, cooking most foods in a few minutes, it quickly seals the food’s surface, locking in flavour and moisture and it adds appealing crunch, colour and aroma.</span></p> <p><strong>Ingredients</strong></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">1kg baby octopus, cleaned and cut into small pieces </span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">2 tablespoons fish sauce </span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">2 tablespoons lemon juice </span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">1 teaspoon dried chilli flakes </span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">1 tablespoon crushed coriander seeds </span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">2 tablespoons salt flakes, crushed </span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">1 tablespoon crushed white peppercorns </span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">2 cups tapioca starch </span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Vegetable oil, for deep-frying</span></li> </ul> <p><strong>Directions</strong></p> <p>1. Place octopus, fish sauce and lemon juice in a bowl and marinate for 30 minutes. Drain and pat dry.</p> <p>2. Place chilli, coriander, salt, pepper and cornflour in a large freezer bag, add the octopus and shake well to coat. Place octopus in a colander and shake well to remove excess flour.</p> <p>3. Heat oil in a wok or deep-fryer to 190ºC. Add octopus and cook for 1-2 minutes, until crisp and tender.</p> <p><strong>Tips</strong></p> <ul> <li><span style="font-weight: 400;">Alternative species: Calamari, cuttlefish, squid, green prawns (peeled and deveined).  </span></li> <li><span style="font-weight: 400;">Season: Available year round. </span></li> <li><span style="font-weight: 400;">To Buy: When purchasing fresh whole Octopus look for intact bright skin, intact head and arms, and a pleasant fresh sea smell. </span></li> <li><span style="font-weight: 400;">To Store: Make sure Octopus is gutted and cleaned thoroughly. Wrap in plastic wrap or place in an airtight container. Refrigerate for up to 3 days or freeze for up to 3 months below -18ºC.</span></li> </ul> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Republished with permission of </span><a href="https://www.wyza.com.au/recipes/deep-fried-salt-and-pepper-octopus.aspx"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Wyza.com.au.</span></a></p>

Food & Wine

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Samsung in deep water over water resistant phone claims

<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Electronics giant Samsung are being taken to court for telling consumers that many of the four million Galaxy phones sold in Australia were water resistant while knowing they were not.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">They have denied the claims made by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC).</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The ACCC said that it had commenced Federal Court proceedings against Samsung for misleading and deceiving customers with claims about various Galaxy phones across more than 300 advertisements since February 2016.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">There were a variety of advertisements across social media, online, TV, billboards, brochures and other media that depicted the phones as being water resistant and showed them being used at pools and beaches.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The phones were also advertised as being water resistant up to 1.5 metres for 30 minutes.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Samsung showed the Galaxy phones used in situations they shouldn’t be to attract customers,” ACCC Commissioner Rod Sims said on Thursday.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Under the Australian Consumer Law, businesses cannot mislead consumers about their products’ capabilities.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The ACCC have said that Samsung did not sufficiently test its phones to back the advertised claims and denied warranty claims from users who said their phones were damaged in water.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Samsung itself has acknowledged that water resistance is an important factor influencing Australian consumer decisions when they choose what mobile phone to purchase,” Mr Sims said.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Samsung has issued a statement denying the allegations and saying that it “intends to defend the court proceedings brought by the ACCC.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Samsung stands by its marketing and advertising of the water resistancy of its smartphones,” the statement said.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“We are also confident that we provide customers with free-of-charge remedies in a manner consistent with Samsung’s obligations under its manufacturer warranty and the Australian Consumer Law.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Customer satisfaction is a top priority for Samsung and we are committed to acting in the best interest of our customers.”</span></p>

Technology

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Beauty is skin-deep: Why our complexion is so important to us

<p>We’re all attracted to a beautiful face. We like to look at them, we feel drawn to them and we aspire to have one. Many researchers and others have investigated what we humans identify as “beautiful”: symmetry, large evenly spaced eyes, white teeth, a well-proportioned nose and of course, a flawless complexion. The skin is of utmost importance when people judge someone as beautiful.</p> <p>When choosing a mate, men rank female beauty more highly than women rate male appearance. <a href="http://beauty-review.nl/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/The-effects-of-skin-colour-distribution-and-topography-cues-on-the-perception-of-female-facial-age-and-health.pdf">Female beauty</a> is thought to signal youth, fertility and health.</p> <p>Beauty can also signal <a href="https://wiwi.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/dep1ls6/Research/Beauty_and_the_Labor_Market_Hamermesh_Biddle.pdf">high status</a>. People with “plain looks” earn about 10% less than people who are average-looking, who in turn earn around 5% less than people who are good-looking.</p> <p><strong>Skin as a marker of health and beauty</strong></p> <p>Even the best facial structure can be unbalanced by skin that is flawed.</p> <p>There are many skin conditions that are perfectly natural, yet because of our beliefs around skin and health, these can cause the sufferers extreme self-consciousness.</p> <p>Examples include: <a href="https://www.dermnetnz.org/topics/melasma/">chloasma</a>, the facial pigmentation that often occurs during pregnancy; <a href="https://www.dermnetnz.org/topics/telangiectasia/">starburst telangiectasias</a>, the broken capillaries that appear on the lower thighs and calves of many women as they age; and <a href="https://www.dermnetnz.org/topics/dermatosis-papulosa-nigra/">dermatosis papulosa nigra</a>, the brown marks that accumulate on the upper cheeks and temples, especially in people of Asian or African descent.</p> <p>Teenagers with <a href="https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4hp8n68p">acne</a> are more likely to withdraw socially. It may impair school performance and result in severe <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2006.00979.x">depression and even suicide</a>.</p> <p>There are hundreds of <a href="http://www.dermnet.com/">skin diseases</a> that can change facial appearance, including rashes such as rosacea and skin cancers. Surgery for skin cancer can <a href="https://www.google.com.au/search?q=skin+cancer+disfigurement&amp;rlz=1C1OKWM_enAU783AU786&amp;source=lnms&amp;tbm=isch&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwjb7sicn_zZAhVHV7wKHcImAeoQ_AUICigB&amp;biw=2560&amp;bih=1334">leave noticeable marks and scars</a> that make the survivor self-conscious.</p> <p><strong>Industries built on our self-consciousness</strong></p> <p>Perhaps alongside the greying of the hair, skin is the most visible sign of ageing. As we age the skin changes. These changes are most pronounced in the areas exposed daily to the sun, such as the face, neck and the backs of our hands.</p> <p>There the skin thins, loses volume and elasticity and becomes dull. Dark rings develop under the eyes. Wrinkles appear. The skin sags and blemishes and scars accumulate.</p> <p>People spend a lot of money in attempts to regain their youthful appearance. The global cosmetics industry is worth about <a href="https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20150727005524/en/Research-Markets-Global-Cosmetics-Market-2015-2020-Market">US$500 billion</a>. Sales of skin and sun care products, make-up and colour cosmetics generate over 36% of the worldwide cosmetic market.</p> <p>We use foundation makeup to conceal freckles and blemishes, moisturisers and fillers to hide dryness, concealers to disguise broken capillaries and pimples. And increasingly people are using botox to remove wrinkles, fillers to replace volume, and laser to remove flaws from the top layer of skin.</p> <p>We should all use sunscreen to protect the skin from sun damage and prescription medications to cure the skin of diseases when necessary.</p> <p>In 2018, we find ourselves living longer, working later and remarrying more. We’re having to trade on our beauty much later in life.</p> <p>In a better world, beauty would be irrelevant. Unfortunately, in our world it’s one of our most valuable assets. The best we can do is to protect our skin from sunburn, seek advice from a dermatologist when we notice any skin problems, and accept we weren’t born with the skin of Beyonce.</p> <p><em>Written by Rodney Sinclair. Republished with permission of </em><a href="https://theconversation.com/beauty-is-skin-deep-why-our-complexion-is-so-important-to-us-91415"><em>The Conversation</em></a><em>.</em></p>

Beauty & Style

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What injuries can you face while gardening and what can you do?

<p><span>Most of us consider gardening to be a pleasurable diversion on a sunny afternoon, and it is, but the other reality is that gardening can result in many different injuries. The desire to get outdoors and into gardening action is healthy and fun, although without adequate stretching and warming up beforehand, you are asking for trouble. It’s normal to feel occasional niggles and soreness after time spent performing gardening chores, but must it always be this way? There’s no denying that injuries are more likely as we get older, so what injuries can you face while gardening and what can you do?</span></p> <p><span><img style="width: 333.125px; height: 500px;" src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/7825008/image.jpg" alt="" data-udi="umb://media/6fa9ec2ba90e480f9a1d6af629239f80" /></span></p> <p><span>Repetitive tasks and constant repositioning when kneeling, sitting and stretching are natural gardening functions. Unfortunately, these same activities are a major cause of gardening injuries. Fatigue is also a factor, resulting in tripping, slipping and falling accidents that happen more than they should. With tiredness comes inattention to detail, and the sometimes comical and often painful occurrence of stepping on a mislaid rake or fork that springs up and strikes a person is not just something we see on TV. Common gardening injuries include:</span></p> <ul> <li><span>Sprains and strains</span></li> <li><span>Sharp muscle and joint pain</span></li> <li><span>Stiff aching muscles</span></li> <li><span>Neck and shoulder pain</span></li> <li><span>Lower and upper back pain</span></li> <li><span>Carpal tunnel syndrome</span></li> </ul> <p><strong><span>Exercise for mobility and strength</span></strong></p> <p><span>Living with back pain is an unfortunate situation that can be eased with a little pre-planning. Back pain is caused by factors that can include wear and tear, strains, muscular issues, bad posture, poor sleep, incorrect lifting, stress and over-tiring muscle groups. Fortunately, the majority of potential back pain causes can be counteracted with simple exercises and a little common sense.</span></p> <p><strong><u><span>Stretching:</span></u></strong><span> Stretching that strengthens the back and core muscles helps reduce back pain and prevents repeat episodes. You can gradually introduce stretching exercises with a customised approach that suits your fitness level and requirements. Peak fitness isn’t the goal, so remember to stop immediately if exercise or stretching becomes painful.</span></p> <p><strong><u><span>Exercise:</span></u></strong><span> Once you have completed your stretching routine it’s time to perform some strengthening exercises. Take it slowly and focus on technique – it’s not a race. Here are some great <a href="https://www.deepheat.com.au/back-pain-relief/">stretching and exercise tips</a> that will have you feeling limber and ready for action.</span></p> <p><strong><u><span>Hot and Cold:</span></u></strong><span> Warm-ups and cool-downs are an integral feature of muscle management and pain relief. Don’t fret, you aren’t required to immerse yourself in an ice-cold bath or sweat it out in a summertime sauna. Progressive heating and cooling pain relief products are convenient and effective, such as <a href="https://www.deepheat.com.au/">Deep Heat</a> Regular Relief, Night Relief and Odourless Back Patches. </span></p> <p><strong>Addressing pain caused by gardening</strong></p> <p><span>Your stretching and exercise routine will go a long way toward avoiding debilitating pain, while Deep Heat products contain ingredients for fast acting, targeted pain relief, even while you sleep. <a href="https://www.deepheat.com.au/product-category/pain-relief/heating/">Heating</a> and <a href="https://www.deepheat.com.au/product-category/pain-relief/cooling/">cooling</a> products ease muscle pain caused by physical labour, lifting and bending, and can be used every day for pain relief as required. Here are a few suggestions.</span></p> <p><span>Sports Spray pain relief delivers heat conveniently for temporary pain relief.</span></p> <p><span>Deep Heat regular relief is a tried and favourite for targeted temporary pain relief.</span></p> <p><span>Use ICE Gel to relieve muscle pain caused by gardening with a soothing cooling feeling.</span></p> <p><span>Try Deep Heat back patches for odourless sustained, soothing relief.</span></p> <p><span>Always read the label and follow the directions for use. If symptoms worsen or change unexpectedly, talk to your healthcare professional. </span></p> <p><span>Everyone is different, but painful, tight and sore muscles are frustrating for anyone to experience. So, take a deep breath, limber up, relax and enjoy your time outdoors with reduced pain. </span></p> <p><em><span>This is sponsored content brought to you in conjunction with <a href="https://www.deepheat.com.au/">Deep Heat</a>.</span></em></p>

Body

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Why IGA supermarkets are in deep trouble

<p>The future of IGA has become bleak as the government cracks down on the wholesaler behind the struggling supermarket.</p> <p>Almost all IGAs are reliant on grocery wholesaler Metcash, but a decision by Metcash to not sign the Grocery Code of Conduct has landed them in trouble.</p> <p>A few years ago, Coles and Woolworths received backlash for the way the supermarket giants were treating their suppliers. To prevent the same issue happening again, the Grocery Code of Conduct was created.</p> <p>The Grocery Code is a unique law that parties must agree to be part of, but once they are, it applies like any other law.</p> <p>The Code has made a positive difference in the supermarket industry, with suppliers for Aldi, Coles and Woolworths all being much happier.</p> <p>However, Metcash has opted out of the Grocery Code and now the government is targeting them.</p> <p>A review has been commissioned on how the Grocery Code is working and in the draft report, Metcash has been singled out for its behaviour towards farmers and food manufacturers.</p> <p>“The review received complaints from suppliers concerning the conduct of Metcash, including issues relating to unilateral demands, forensic accounting practices to offsetting amounts owed without the supplier’s consent, failure to comply with promotional terms, and requiring payments above reasonable costs to conduct study tours,” the draft report says.</p> <p>“The review identified ongoing issues between the wholesaler and its suppliers. Metcash should become a signatory to the Grocery Code.”</p> <p>The report also highlights what has been responsible for IGA’s recent downfall.</p> <p>“With increased price competition, independent retailers and Metcash have faced a steady decline in their turnover over the past five years. Questions have also been raised about whether its traditional wholesale model remains suitable for adapting to changes in consumer habits,” the review says.</p> <p>If Metcash is forced to sign up to the Code, an already struggling IGA may be forced to increase prices even more – accelerating the decline of the company.</p> <p><a rel="noopener" href="https://www.news.com.au/finance/business/retail/is-this-the-end-of-the-road-for-iga/news-story/fabad2a1dc2b72392bb1227ff6226b88" target="_blank"><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Economist Jason Murphy</span></strong></a> asked Metcash spokesman Steve Ashe if Metcash and IGA would survive if the wholesaler was forced to sign up to the Code.</p> <p>“Our model is based around partnering and working closely with our suppliers. We believe we already comply with the parts of the Code that relate to us, and would consider signing up to components of the code that do not lead to an adverse impact on the competitiveness of our independent retailers,” he said.</p> <p>However, Metcash has been left with little choice as the review has recommended the government to set up a mandatory code if Metcash does not “voluntarily” sign up to the existing one.</p> <p>“In the event Metcash continues to remain outside of the Grocery Code, the Review recommends that the Government introduce a separate mandatory code of conduct containing the same substantive terms as the current Code (together with any amendments adopted as a consequence of Government accepting recommendations in this Report) with targeted application to Metcash,” the review says.</p> <p>With the increasing popularity of Aldi, the expansion of Costco and the arrival soon of Kaufland, IGA will need to quickly change things up to survive.</p> <p>Do you prefer to shop at IGA? Let us know in the comments below. </p>

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