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Sir Becks at last? David Beckham reportedly set for long-awaited honour

After years of waiting patiently – and sometimes not-so-patiently – David Beckham may finally get to swap his football boots for a ceremonial sword, with reports suggesting the former England captain is about to be knighted by King Charles III. "Sir" David Beckham could be a reality as soon as next week, with the British icon, 50, tipped to feature in the King’s Birthday Honours list. If confirmed, it’s a moment decades in the making – and not just in his dreams. The honour would also see his equally iconic wife rebranded as Lady Victoria Beckham. One assumes she already had the wardrobe for the role. Beckham, who received an OBE in 2003 for services to football, has long been linked with a knighthood. The rumour mill really got going in 2022, when Becks queued for an astonishing 13 hours to pay respects to Queen Elizabeth II. Admirable dedication – or, as some joked at the time, a very British form of long-game lobbying. Despite his chivalrous queueing efforts, he was passed over yet again in this year’s New Year Honours. That round saw knighthoods go to the likes of Stephen Fry, Gareth Southgate and Sadiq Khan - leaving Beckham still on the bench. But royal insiders now say his time may have finally come. Former royal butler Paul Burrell, always good for a regal soundbite, told The Express that Beckham was being “kept dangling for a while”, but added confidently: “Of course, it’s going to happen. The question is, when.” Well, Sir Paul (not that one) – it seems when is now. The knighthood is expected to recognise Beckham’s outstanding football career – as in, you know, captaining England and winning basically everything with Manchester United – as well as his impressive charitable work. From UNICEF to grassroots football, Beckham has been putting in the off-field hours too. Should the news be confirmed, expect front pages, formalwear and perhaps a cheeky photo of Becks adjusting his new sash just so. As for Lady Posh? One can only hope for a suitably regal Spice Girls reunion. Until the official honours list drops, Beckham fans will have to wait just a little longer – but it seems the king of English football may finally become Sir David, at long, long last. Images: Instagram

Family & Pets

World's oldest practicing doctor shares his secrets to a long life

While most people slow down with age, Dr Howard Tucker has spent more than a century proving that passion and purpose are the best medicine. At 102 years old, the American neurologist has lived a life so extraordinary it earned him a Guinness World Record as the oldest practicing doctor – an honour he received just before turning 99. Though he officially hung up his white coat at 100, Tucker remains as active and engaged as ever. Today, he lectures future physicians at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, and consults on medico-legal cases – work made possible by a law degree he earned at 67. His message? Retirement is not a requirement. “Retirement, I think, is the enemy of longevity,” Dr Tucker recently told Al Roker on NBC’s Today. “You have to have some purpose in life and get up in the morning and know what you’re about.” Even after the hospital where he worked shut its doors in 2022, ending his medical practice at 100, Tucker hasn’t ruled out returning to clinical work. “If it wasn’t for the closure, I’d absolutely still be seeing patients,” he told People. “Nobody wants me at my age – but I’ll keep trying.” His enthusiasm for life has captured the public imagination, especially through What’s Next, a documentary about his life produced by his grandson. The film has gone viral on TikTok, turning the centenarian into an unexpected social media sensation. Dr Tucker credits his longevity not just to good genes – his parents lived to 84 and 96 – but to lifestyle choices. “Heredity and family history of longevity is a healthy start,” he wrote in his Guinness World Record submission. “However, it must be supported by moderation of nutrition, alcohol and happiness.” His daily routine reflects that philosophy. He snowshoes in the winter, walks on the treadmill for at least four kilometres a day, and eats a mostly clean diet – fruit and cereal in the morning, fish and vegetables at night. Lunch is often skipped to maintain mental clarity. Dessert, however, is a staple – typically fruit or ice-cream, enjoyed with his wife of over 70 years. And while he rarely drinks, he allows himself the occasional martini. One thing he’s always avoided: cigarettes. Dr Tucker also says its important to keep the brain stimulated. “If they retire from their work, they should at least do something as a hobby,” he told Today. “You need a stimulus for the brain daily.” Science backs him up. Research shows that ongoing learning, social connection, and a sense of purpose contribute to mental acuity and longevity. Tucker’s life is a blueprint for all three. He remains close to his four children and 10 grandchildren and is an avid sports fan. Despite a fall in his late 80s that ended his skiing days with a broken neck, Tucker hasn’t let injury slow him down. Instead, he’s adapted, always finding new ways to stay active. With his 103rd birthday on the horizon in July, Dr Tucker says he isn’t concerned about the end. “I never think of death,” he said. “To be alive is to know that you’re going to die because life is a fatal disease. And so I live it.” For a man who’s devoted his life to healing others, Dr Howard Tucker’s greatest lesson might be how to truly live. Images: Instagram

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"Haven’t got long to live": Beloved Harry Potter star's sad health update

Veteran actress Miriam Margolyes, best known to many as Professor Sprout in the Harry Potter franchise, has spoken movingly about her deteriorating health and approaching mortality, revealing she likely has only a few years left to live. In a recent interview with The Times, the 84-year-old star discussed her decision to step away from the big screen, admitting that her body is no longer strong enough to perform the roles she once loved. “When you know that you haven’t got long to live – and I’m probably going to die within the next five or six years, if not before – I’m loathe to leave behind performing,” she said. “It’s such a joy. I yearn to play roles that don’t confine me to wheelchairs, but I’m just not strong enough.” Margolyes has been increasingly open about her health challenges in recent years. In 2023, during an appearance on the Table Manners podcast, she revealed she had undergone heart surgery, <a href="https://www.oversixty.com.au/health/caring/aussie-harry-potter-star-undergoes-heart-surgery" target="_blank" rel="noopener">receiving a cow’s aortic</a> valve to replace her own. “I don’t know how common it is. I’d never heard of that operation,” she said. “But it saves you from having open-heart surgery, which would be infinitely more invasive.” She later told British Vogue that her perspective on death had changed with age. “When you’re young, you never think about death. You just think about your next f**k, basically,” she joked. “I think about death a lot. You can’t help but be aware that the amount of time ahead is less than the time before you.” Despite the seriousness of her condition, Margolyes maintains her trademark wit and philosophical outlook. “I’m still ducking and diving. I’m still open to new experiences. I’m just very conscious that there is no light at the end of the tunnel.” In 2024, Margolyes publicly disclosed she is living with spinal stenosis, a painful and debilitating condition that has severely impacted her mobility. “I’m registered disabled. I use all kinds of assistance,” she shared with Closer Magazine. “I’ve got two sticks and a walker and they’re such a bore, but I’ve just got a mobility scooter, which is a lot of fun.” The Age of Innocence actress also acknowledged her financial worries, saying her biggest fear is outliving her resources. Yet, through it all, she remains strong, funny and honest – qualities that have endeared her to fans for decades. Images: Instagram

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Catch of the day: bride hauls in shark at her wedding!

Most brides on their big day are content with a nice bouquet, a slice of cake and a husband who hasn’t locked his knees and fainted at the altar. But Miccala Toms of Darwin had slightly more ambitious ideas – and they involved beer, fishing and a decent-sized aquatic predator. After saying “I do” to her now-husband Brodie, the couple did what any sensible Territorians would do in the sweltering heat: they swung by the Dundee Tavern for a couple of cold ones and some casual wedding photos. You know – veil, vows and VB. But while some brides might be focused on getting the perfect shot with golden sunlight and maybe a well-behaved Labradoodle, Miccala spotted a local teen fishing off the rocks and thought, “Now that’s a vibe.” “It was a hot day,” Miccala explained on the Today show. “So we thought we’d have a few drinks and take some photos at the front.” The vibe was clearly: bridal glam meets bush telly. The helpful teen handed over his fishing rod – probably assuming she’d hook a little barra or, at worst, a mildly confused crab. But Darwin had other plans. Cue dramatic Jaws music. What Miccala thought would be a cute “bride-with-fish” moment turned into a full-on marine wrestling match when something large, scaly and very toothy yanked on the line. “It was a shark and I’m like, ‘Oh my god, it’s a shark!’” she recalled, possibly while her wedding photographer simultaneously reconsidered their life choices. In true Northern Territory fashion, this bride did not flinch. In fact, she dug in her heels (or possibly bare feet, unclear), while Brodie jumped in to help haul in the unexpected guest star of their wedding album. And because true love is built on mutual support, Brodie did what any man witnessing his wife dragging a shark in her wedding dress would do: picked the beast up by the tail so they could pose together, glowing with wedded bliss and mild concern for their fingers. The shark, possibly the only one more confused than the couple, was photographed before being safely released back into the water, no doubt with a wild story to tell its shark mates. As for Brodie? He knows he’s punched above his weight. “To be honest, I wouldn’t be here without her, that’s for damn sure,” he said. “She’s given me three lovely children and made me the happiest I’ve ever been, so can’t let it go now.” And why would he? When you marry a woman who’ll fish in full bridal gear and take a spill while catching a shark with a beer buzz and a grin... well, you know you’ve found The One. Moral of the story? In Darwin, love is real, the beer is cold and the brides are tougher than the wildlife. Images: The Today show

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Despite some key milestones since 2000, Australia still has a long way to go on gender equality

<div class="theconversation-article-body"> Australia has a gender problem. Despite social, economic and political reform aimed at improving opportunities for women, gender gaps are increasing and Australia is falling behind other countries. The World Economic Forum currently places Australia 24th among 146 countries, down from 15th in 2006. At the current rate of change, the forum suggests it will take <a href="https://www.weforum.org/publications/global-gender-gap-report-2024/">more than 130 years</a> to achieve gender equality globally. Australia has taken important steps forward in some areas, while progress in other areas remains painfully slow. So how far have we come since 2000, and how much further do we have to go? <h2>The good stuff</h2> There are now more women in <a href="https://www.aigroup.com.au/resourcecentre/research-economics/factsheets/factsheet-gender-and-the-australian-labour-market/#:%7E:text=Female%20labour%20market%20participation%20was,gender%20participation%20gap%20of%208%25.">the labour market</a>, in <a href="https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/measuring-what-matters/measuring-what-matters-themes-and-indicators/cohesive/representation-parliament">parliament</a>, and leading <a href="https://www.forbes.com.au/lists/people/women-of-the-asx/">large companies</a> than at any other time. Over the past 25 years, there have been major social and political milestones that indicate progress. These include the appointment of Australia’s first female governor-general in 2008 and prime minister in 2010, the introduction of universal paid parental leave in 2011, a high-profile inquiry into workplace sexual harassment in 2020, and new legislation requiring the public reporting of gender pay gaps in 2023. <h2>Timeline of equality milestones</h2> <ul id="timelineList"> <li> <h2>2000</h2> Child Care Benefit introduced, subsidising cost of children for eligible families </li> <li> <h2>2008</h2> First female Governor-General (Dame Quentin Bryce) </li> <li> <h2>2010</h2> First female Prime Minister elected (Julia Gillard) First Aboriginal woman from Australia elected to UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues (Megan Davis) Australia’s first national paid parental leave scheme </li> <li> <h2>2012</h2> Julia Gillard misogyny speech Workplace Gender Equality Act becomes law, Workplace Gender Equality Agency established </li> <li> <h2>2013</h2> Dad or Partner Pay Leave commenced </li> <li> <h2>2016</h2> First Indigenous woman elected to House of Representatives (Linda Burney) </li> <li> <h2>2017</h2> Launch of Women’s Australian Football League #metoo movement spreads globally to draw attention to sexual harassment and assault </li> <li> <h2>2020</h2> Respect@Work National Inquiry into sexual harassment in the Australian workplace chaired by Kate Jenkins released. </li> <li> <h2>2021</h2> Grace Tame named Australian of the Year for her advocacy in sexual violence/harassment campaigns Independent review into Commonwealth parliamentary workplaces launched </li> <li> <h2>2022</h2> National plan to end violence against women is finalised </li> <li> <h2>2023</h2> Closing the Gender Pay Gap Bill passes parliament </li> <li> <h2>2024</h2> Superannuation on government-funded paid parental leave from July 1, 2025 Parental leave to be increased to 26 weeks from July 2026. </li> </ul> There are, however, other areas where progress is agonisingly slow. <h2>Violence and financial insecurity</h2> Women are <a href="https://www.wgea.gov.au/newsroom/wgea-bcec-gender-equity-insights-2024-report">more likely</a> to be in casual and part-time employment than men. This is part of the reason women retire with <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-02-21/carer-credits-proposal-aims-to-reduce-superannuation-gap/10826246">about half</a> the superannuation savings of men. This is also linked to financial insecurity later in life. Older women are among the <a href="https://humanrights.gov.au/our-work/age-discrimination/projects/risk-homelessness-older-women">fastest-growing groups</a> of people experiencing homelessness. The situation for First Nations women is even more severe. The <a href="https://www.niaa.gov.au/news-and-media/closing-gap-report-released">most recent</a> Closing the Gap report indicates First Nations women and children are 33 times more likely to be hospitalised due to violence compared with non-Indigenous women. They are also <a href="https://theconversation.com/indigenous-women-are-dying-violent-preventable-deaths-endless-inquiries-wont-help-unless-we-act-244815">seven times more likely</a> to die from family violence. Improving outcomes for Indigenous women and children requires tackling the long-term effects of colonisation, removal from Country, the Stolen Generations, incarceration and intergenerational trauma. This means challenging not only gender inequality but also racism, discrimination and violence. At work, <a href="https://www.wgea.gov.au/publications/employer-gender-pay-gaps-report">the latest data</a> from the Workplace Gender Equality Agency suggests the gender pay gap is narrowing, with 56% of organisations reporting improvements. On average, though, the pay gap is still substantial at 21.8% with women earning only 78 cents for every $1 earned by men. This totals an average yearly shortfall of $28,425. There are also some notable organisations where the gender pay gap has widened. <h2>The burden of unpaid work</h2> Another measure of inequality that has proved stubbornly slow to change is women’s unequal responsibilities for unpaid domestic and care work. Without real change in gender divisions of time spent on unpaid housework and care, our capacity to move towards equality in pay gaps and employment is very limited. Australian women undertake almost 70% of unpaid household labour. The latest Australian Bureau of Statistics <a href="https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/people/people-and-communities/how-australians-use-their-time/latest-release">time use data</a> show that of those who participate in domestic labour, women spend an average of 4.13 hours per day on unpaid domestic and care work, compared with men’s 2.14 hours. This gap equates to more than a third of a full-time job. If we add up all work (domestic, care and paid), mothers have the longest working week by about 10 hours. This has changed very little over time. These charts, based on analyses of data from the Households, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) study, show what drives this gap. Women respond to increased demand for care and domestic work by doing more, while men do not. Parenthood significantly increases the time women spend on unpaid care and housework, while also reducing their time in employment. <hr /> <iframe id="115GU" class="tc-infographic-datawrapper" style="border: 0;" src="https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/115GU/" width="100%" height="400px" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe> <hr /> Men increase their time in unpaid care after a birth, but the jump is minor compared with women, and there is no change to men’s employment hours. Not surprisingly given these patterns, parenthood is associated with substantial declines in women’s <a href="https://aifs.gov.au/research/research-reports/employment-patterns-and-trends-families-children">employment hours</a>, earnings, <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/14/4/275">career progression</a>, and <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jomf.12531">mental health and wellbeing</a>. <h2>The way forward</h2> Current policy priorities primarily incentivise women to remain in employment, while continuing to undertake a disproportionate share of unpaid family work, through moving to part-time employment or making use of other forms of workplace flexibility. This approach focuses on “fixing” women rather than on the <a href="https://www.annualreviews.org/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-psych-032620-030938">structural roots of the problem</a>. There is limited financial or cultural encouragement for men to step out of employment for care work, or reduce their hours, despite the introduction of a two-week Dad and Partner Pay scheme <a href="https://www.wgea.gov.au/parental-leave">in 2013</a> and more recent changes to expand support and access. Fathers who wish to be more actively involved in care and family life face significant financial barriers, with current schemes only covering a basic wage. If one member of the family has to take time out or reduce their hours, it usually makes financial sense for this to be a woman, given the gender earning gap. The benefits of enabling men to share care work will not only be improvements for women, but will also improve family relationships and outcomes for children. <a href="https://theconversation.com/roses-are-red-violets-are-blue-ill-stay-forever-if-you-scrub-out-the-loo-72793">Research shows</a> relationship conflict declines when men do more at home. Time spent with fathers has been found to be especially beneficial for children’s <a href="https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2018-48232-001">cognitive development</a>. Fixing the gender problem is not just about helping women. It’s good for everyone. Gender inequality costs the Australian economy <a href="https://womensagenda.com.au/business/the-us225-billion-a-year-australia-could-benefit-from-with-a-focus-on-women/">$225 billion annually</a>, or 12% of gross domestic product. Globally, the World Bank <a href="https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/fd676a12-7ee4-5c6a-ab2b-83365ed25bf1/content">estimates</a> gender inequality costs US$160.2 trillion. We can’t afford to slip further behind or to take more than a century to fix the problem. <hr /> This piece is part of a series on how Australia has changed since the year 2000. You can read other pieces in the series <a href="https://theconversation.com/au/topics/first-quarter-of-the-century-series-172070">here</a>.<img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/250250/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /> By <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/janeen-baxter-611570">Janeen Baxter</a>, Director, ARC Life Course Centre and ARC Kathleen Fitzpatrick Laureate Fellow, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/the-university-of-queensland-805">The University of Queensland</a> This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/despite-some-key-milestones-since-2000-australia-still-has-a-long-way-to-go-on-gender-equality-250250">original article</a>. Image: </div>

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How long will you live? New evidence says it’s much more about your choices than your genes

<div class="theconversation-article-body"> One of the most enduring questions humans have is how long we’re going to live. With this comes the question of how much of our lifespan is shaped by our environment and choices, and how much is predetermined by our genes. A study recently published in the prestigious journal <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-024-03483-9">Nature Medicine</a> has attempted for the first time to quantify the relative contributions of our environment and lifestyle versus our genetics in how we age and how long we live. The findings were striking, suggesting our environment and lifestyle play a much greater role than our genes in determining our longevity. <h2>What the researchers did</h2> This study used data from the <a href="https://www.ukbiobank.ac.uk/">UK Biobank</a>, a large database in the United Kingdom that contains in-depth health and lifestyle data from roughly 500,000 people. The data available include genetic information, medical records, imaging and information about lifestyle. A separate part of the study used data from a subset of more than 45,000 participants whose blood samples underwent something called “<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41576-022-00511-7">proteomic profiling</a>”. Proteomic profiling is a relatively new technique that looks at how proteins in the body change over time to identify a person’s age at a molecular level. By using this method researchers were able to estimate how quickly an individual’s body was actually ageing. This is called their biological age, as opposed to their chronological age (or years lived). The researchers assessed 164 environmental exposures as well as participants’ genetic markers for disease. Environmental exposures included lifestyle choices (for example, smoking, physical activity), social factors (for example, living conditions, household income, employment status) and early life factors, such as body weight in childhood. They then looked for associations between genetics and environment and 22 major age-related diseases (such as coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes), mortality and biological ageing (as determined by the proteomic profiling). These analyses allowed the researchers to estimate the relative contributions of environmental factors and genetics to ageing and dying prematurely. <h2>What did they find?</h2> When it came to disease-related mortality, as we would expect, age and sex explained a significant amount (about half) of the variation in how long people lived. The key finding, however, was environmental factors collectively accounted for around 17% of the variation in lifespan, while genetic factors contributed less than 2%. This finding comes down very clearly on the nurture side in the “nature versus nurture” debate. It suggests environmental factors influence health and longevity to a far greater extent than genetics. Not unexpectedly, the study showed a different mix of environmental and genetic influences for different diseases. Environmental factors had the greatest impact on lung, heart and liver disease, while genetics played the biggest role in determining a person’s risk of breast, ovarian and prostate cancers, and dementia. The environmental factors that had the most influence on earlier death and biological ageing included smoking, socioeconomic status, physical activity levels and living conditions. Interestingly, being taller at age ten was found to be associated with a shorter lifespan. Although this may seem surprising, and the reasons are not entirely clear, this aligns with <a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/05/140509110756.htm">previous research</a> finding taller people are more likely to die earlier. Carrying more weight at age ten and maternal smoking (if your mother smoked in late pregnancy or when you were a newborn) were also found to shorten lifespan. Probably the most surprising finding in this study was a lack of association between diet and markers of biological ageing, as determined by the proteomic profiling. This flies in the face of the extensive body of evidence showing the crucial role of <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-023-00868-w">dietary patterns</a> in chronic disease risk and longevity. But there are a number of plausible explanations for this. The first could be a lack of statistical power in the part of the study looking at biological ageing. That is, the number of people studied may have been too small to allow the researchers to see the true impact of diet on ageing. Second, the dietary data in this study, which was self-reported and only measured at one time point, is likely to have been of relatively poor quality, limiting the researchers’ ability to see associations. And third, as the relationship between diet and longevity is likely to be complex, disentangling dietary effects from other lifestyle factors may be difficult. So despite this finding, it’s still safe to say the food we eat is one of the most important pillars of health and longevity. <h2>What other limitations do we need to consider?</h2> Key exposures (such as diet) in this study were only measured at a single point in time, and not tracked over time, introducing potential errors into the results. Also, as this was an observational study, we can’t assume associations found represent causal relationships. For example, just because living with a partner correlated with a longer lifespan, it doesn’t mean this caused a person to live longer. There may be other factors which explain this association. Finally, it’s possible this study may have underestimated the role of genetics in longevity. It’s important to recognise genetics and environment don’t operate in isolation. Rather, health outcomes are shaped by their interplay, and this study may not have fully captured the complexity of these interactions. <h2>The future is (largely) in your hands</h2> It’s worth noting there were a number of factors such as household income, home ownership and employment status associated with diseases of ageing in this study that are not necessarily within a person’s control. This highlights the crucial role of addressing the social determinants of health to ensure everyone has the best possible chance of living a long and healthy life. At the same time, the results offer an empowering message that longevity is largely shaped by the choices we make. This is great news, unless you have good genes and were hoping they would do the heavy lifting. Ultimately, the results of this study reinforce the notion that while we may inherit certain genetic risks, how we eat, move and engage with the world seems to be more important in determining how healthy we are and how long we live.<img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/251054/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /> <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/hassan-vally-202904">Hassan Vally</a>, Associate Professor, Epidemiology, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/deakin-university-757">Deakin University</a> This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/how-long-will-you-live-new-evidence-says-its-much-more-about-your-choices-than-your-genes-251054">original article</a>. Image: Shutterstock </div>

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Young man's dying wish takes flight in epic adventure

Jamie Clements, a 30-year-old from the south of Perth with a terminal illness, has had his final wish fulfilled just weeks before his passing – thanks to the generosity of friends and kind strangers who rallied to make his dream come true. Jamie was diagnosed with stage 4 stomach cancer in March of last year after experiencing months of difficulty keeping food down. He was given between nine and 24 months to live. Despite his diagnosis, Jamie remained hopeful and shared a lifelong dream: to experience the thrill of flying on an airplane. “I’d love to go to Sydney because I’ve never been on a plane, never been out of WA,” he told NewsWire last August. Jamie, who had an intellectual disability, worked in IT at Good Sammy, an organisation that helps people with disabilities secure employment in Western Australia. It was there he met his best friend and boss, Paul Bolton, who was determined to make Jamie’s dream a reality. Originally, Jamie had hoped to save money to visit the US, but his illness put paid those plans. That's when Paul stepped in, launching a GoFundMe campaign to fund a trip to Sydney, urging the community to help make Jamie’s wish come true. “I think it will make such a difference to him because Jamie has never, ever been in a plane anywhere, so I just want to do that one thing for him,” Paul said last year. Thanks to the kindness of donors, Jamie’s dream took flight on January 5. Accompanied by his family, Paul and Paul’s wife, he embarked on an unforgettable journey to Sydney. The adventure began with a special moment in the cockpit, just one of many bucket-list experiences he checked off during the trip. Among his many cherished memories, Jamie enjoyed a lighthearted escapade to the Sydney Opera House, zipping through the streets on mobility scooters borrowed from his group. “It was such a laugh and so much fun as we bombed down the streets!” Paul recalled. A self-proclaimed Apple enthusiast, Jamie also relished a visit to the Apple Store in Sydney. “He was a big Apple ‘nerd,’ so watching his face light up as he played in Apple’s virtual world was so good,” Paul shared. Jamie’s Sydney adventure also included stops at Sea Life Sydney Aquarium, Madame Tussauds, Five Guys (a bucket-list item), and Luna Park. He even embarked on a ghost tour and drove across the iconic Harbour Bridge, documenting the entire epic trip on a Facebook page. Sadly, Jamie passed away on February 26, surrounded by his loving family – and Paul. Though his time was short, he left this world having lived out a cherished dream. Paul later expressed his deep gratitude to everyone who contributed to the fundraiser, making Jamie’s wish a reality. “I am so happy that I was able to do this for Jamie and his family,” he said. Images: Facebook

Caring

Teen charged after allegedly trying to board Jetstar flight with a gun

A 17-year-old has been arrested after he allegedly attempted to board a Jetstar flight at Avalon Airport armed with a gun. The incident occurred around 2.20pm on Thursday, and it is believed that the teenager from Ballarat hid in his car before cutting a hole through a fence around the airport’s perimeter. The teenager wore a high-vis jacket and tool belt, and reportedly told crew members that he was there to carry out maintenance work. Crew members and passengers managed to detain the teenager near the front door of the plane, after passenger Barry Clark noticed the teenager was carrying a shotgun and detained the boy in a headlock until police arrived. “Before we knew it, a shotgun appeared, and I was worried about it being shot, so all I could do was push her out of the way, get the gun out of the way, break that gun and throw it down the stairs, and then put him in a hold, throw him to the ground until the police came,” he told ABC Radio Melbourne. Police also allegedly found two bags and a vehicle belonging to the boy, with the bomb squad called in to assist. The boy has since been charged with eight offences including unlawfully taking control of an aircraft, endangering the safety of an aircraft and taking part in a bomb hoax. He was remanded in custody to appear at a children’s court at a later date. Victoria Police Superintendent Michael Reid released a statement saying it was "very concerning" that the teen was able to breach security. “It would have been a very frightening experience for those passengers involved, but once again I do really commend the bravery of those civilian passengers that helped assist to overpower him.” Avalon Airport has reopened following the incident, with chief executive Ari Suss assuring that further security measures have been implemented. “We want to reassure the public that the safety of our passengers, staff, and community remains our highest priority,” he said. “We continue to work closely with authorities to ensure a safe and secure environment for all travellers. “This matter continues to be managed by Victoria Police, and we are fully supporting their ongoing investigation.” Image: 7News

Travel Trouble

Flight attendant's act after touchdown divides social media users

A United Airlines flight attendant has copped some flak online for playing the violin after touching down in California. The unnamed crew member welcomed travellers to the Bay Area by playing a cheery tune as people got up to disembark from the flight, and while his performance was met with a round of applause from passengers, others weren't quite as pleased. “It was a definite pleasant surprise and welcome change compared to all the news we hear from airlines these days,” the Redditor captioned the clip of the performance shared online. While some viewers agreed it was “lovely” and “awesome,” others found the behaviour “unsettling,” calling the flight attendant “self-indulgent”. “What a sly move,” one wrote. “He has everyone sitting, captivated by his music, while he slowly walks down the aisle with anyone in his way and exiting the plane first.” “Just because I’m trapped and sitting doesn’t mean I have any desire to be serenaded,” another commented. “This would be annoying as hell,” wrote a third. “Can’t imagine breaking out into song on any instrument on a flight." “Honestly I’d struggle not to tell him to sit down and shut the f**k up,” commented another. However, others jumped to the flight attendant's defence, saying: “Of course super mean people as usual telling him to sit down and shut up." “My guess is he actually likes the passengers and is very friendly and kind,” another added, praising the crew member for trying to "entertain passengers." “Not like he’s making much with working at one of the lowest paying mainlines. Yet he has a good attitude despite it.” Images: Reddit

Travel Trouble

Couple forced to sit next to dead passenger on international flight

A couple has recalled the distressing moment they were forced to sit next to a dead passenger on an international flight. Mitchell Ring and Jennifer Colin were en route from Melbourne to Venice with Qatar Airlines, via the city of Doha, when a female passenger died mid-flight. The crew decided to put the dead passenger's body in Ring and Colin's row for the remaining four hours of the flight, which the couple said left them traumatised. The incident unfolded when a woman walked out of the bathroom and collapsed next to their row. "Unfortunately the lady couldn't be saved, which was pretty heartbreaking to watch," Ring told <a href="https://9now.nine.com.au/a-current-affair/couple-forced-to-sit-next-to-corpse-for-hours-on-flight/24d51b24-9a7f-4e6c-be04-ec2dbf6df1c4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">A Current Affair</a>. "They tried to wheel her up towards business class, but she was quite a large lady and they couldn't get her through the aisle." "They looked a bit frustrated, then they just looked at me and saw seats were available beside me, my wife was on the other side, we were in a row of four." "They said, 'Can you move over please?' and I just said, 'Yes no problem'. Then they placed the lady in the chair I was in." The couple claims cabin crew did not offer them a different seat to move to, with a passenger in the row behind them instead offering a spare seat to nervous-flyer Colin. "There were a few spare seats I could see around us," Ring said. Ring spent the remaining hours of the flight in the same row as the corpse, saying he was told to stay seated after the plane landed as medical crews took off blankets covering the body. "I can't believe they told us to stay … it wasn't nice," he said. The couple said they have not been offered any support from Qatar Airways, with Ring saying, "They have a duty of care towards their customers as well as their staff, we should be contacted to make sure, do you need some support, do you need some counselling." "I don't really know how I feel and would like to speak to somebody to make sure I'm alright." Colin said the pair was now trying to make the best of their Italian holiday of a lifetime after the disturbing flight. "I'm trying to make the best of a pretty hard situation, but, you know, we're on holidays so we're really trying to have a good time," she said. Since A Current Affair spoke to the couple, Qatar Airways says it is looking into the situation. Image credits: A Current Affair

Travel Trouble

Centenarian shares the secrets to a long life

A centenarian has share the few simple things she credits for her long life, just days after celebrating her 100th birthday. Sydney woman Betty Woodhams spent her milestone birthday doing one of her favourite things: buying for new plants from Bunnings. Woodhams was treated to a warm reception from staff as she perused the aisles snapping up new flowers for her small balcony garden. The mother-of-two told <a href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-14414941/I-just-turned-100-life-lessons-want-young-person-know-late-beauty-secret-Ive-sworn-years.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Daily Mail Australia</a> that she credits her age and enduring happiness down to great friends, a balanced diet, no regrets and "always wearing a hat". "Try to stay happy, even when things may seem like they are getting the better of you," Betty told the publication. "There really is something good in everything. Relaxing with a glass of wine at dinner or enjoying the odd champagne or two with friends always helps too." Betty grew up in Parramatta before moving to Bondi when she married her late husband Ron in 1951. The couple then built their dream house in Tambourine Bay, Lane Cove, while Betty immersed herself in her career as a secretary in the TV and publishing industry. Betty always surrounds herself with good friends, stays socially active and never sweats the small stuff, as she said, "don't get stuck on the negative things". "It doesn't matter what your age is, there's always something you can do to stay active whether it's walking, gardening, swimming or even a day at the races," she says. "Age is just a number. We do all age but you choose to get old!" Betty also hopes to change the perception of "getting older" and insists there's nothing "boring" about it, as she said, "People assume that life gets boring and quiet. It will if you let it!" "Yes you do slow down but that doesn't mean you stop. You can still get out and enjoy yourself... just at a slower pace!" Image credits: Daily Mail Australia

Caring

Husband reveals final text from wife on board doomed flight

The husband of a woman on board American Airlines flight 5342 has revealed the final text he received from his wife just minutes before her flight collided with a US Army helicopter at around 9pm on Wednesday night. Hamaad Raza told WUSA9 that his wife had been texting him while she was on board the flight from Wichita, Kansas to Washington DC before the plane collided with the military helicopter and plunged into the river. She had texted him: “Landing in 20 minutes” but when his replies failed to send, he realised that something was wrong. “That’s when I realized something might be up”, Raza shared. Raza's wife, who was only 26-years-old, was travelling to Wichita for work had “always had a fear of flying and that she never really was comfortable”. Aviation officials have yet to provide and explanation for the crash, as commercial airlines are supposed to receive a warning of potential collisions through a Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS). Emergency services have been deployed throughout the night in freezing and icy conditions in attempt to find bodies among the wreckage, with dozens already recovered from the water. “I'm just praying that somebody's pulling her out of the river right now, as we speak," Raza told WUSA9 in the early hours of Wednesday. “That's all I can pray for, I'm just praying to God.” Raza is waiting for answers from officials but has been left in the dark on any information about his wife. Image: WUSA9

Caring

Expert reveals how to cope with flight anxiety

While thousands of Aussies travel by plane everyday, not everyone is so relaxed about air travel. According to recent Google data, searches for advice on flight anxiety are on the rise by more than 5000 per cent. Thankfully, there is help out there for those who struggle with anxious thoughts around flying. Researcher and neuroscientist Dr Brian Ramos from <a href="https://simplynootropics.com.au" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Simply Nootropics</a> explained why some people are impacted more than others. "People's past experiences, personality traits, and levels of general anxiety all play a role in how intensely they experience flying anxiety, making some individuals more prone to it than others," he told <a href="https://travel.nine.com.au/latest/how-to-get-over-flight-anxiety-before-holiday-expert-tips/72ff01bd-8245-4ba9-a440-8a5fa6fa74db">9Travel</a>. He went on to offer four ways to combat flight anxiety on your next trip. Reframe your anxiety as excitement Dr Ramos believes that by redefining the physical signs of anxiety as excitement for your holiday, you can fool your brain into thinking differently. "Reframing anxiety as excitement can trick your brain into receiving your nervous system's response more positively," Brian said. "Both anxiety and excitement trigger similar physical responses, like a racing heart and butterflies, but the key difference lies in how we interpret them.” "Instead of viewing these sensations as signs of danger, you can remind yourself they signal anticipation and energy." Think about the facts Looking at your situation practically can help calm your anxious mind when on a plane, according to Dr Ramos. "Look around you - is anyone else freaking out? Aeroplanes are one of the safest modes of transportation," Brian said. "Statistically, the odds of an accident are extremely low, with air travel being far safer than driving in a car - something we all do regularly and don't bat an eyelid at." Keep yourself busy By tapping into mindful activities can help push anxious thoughts to the back of your mind. As Brian says, "Distracting your mind with a good podcast or book is a great way to manage flight anxiety by redirecting your focus away from fear-inducing thoughts." "Engaging with a story or interesting conversation can keep your brain occupied.” Re-centre your brain if you feel yourself spiralling "To calm an anxiety attack during a flight, first, focus on your breathing," Brian said. "Practice deep, slow breaths; inhaling through your nose for four counts, holding for four, and exhaling through your mouth for four.” "Second, ground yourself using the 5-4-3-2-1 technique: identify five things you can see, four you can touch, three you can hear, two you can smell, and one you can taste.” "Finally, use positive self-talk." Image credits: Shutterstock

Travel Tips

The most turbulent flights in the world revealed

While many travellers have experienced a bumpy ride while on a plane, there are some routes that are rougher than others. Thanks to <a href="https://turbli.com/historical-data/most-turbulent-flight-routes-of-2024/">Turbli research</a>, the most turbulent flight routes in the world for 2025 have been announced for worried flyers to avoid when booking their holidays. All destinations are situated in just two continents and four countries, and all involve flying over high altitudes. Turbulence is measured in Eddy Dissipation Rate (EDR), which describes turbulence levels without regard to aircraft characteristics, meaning the same levels of turbulence may be experienced differently depending on the size and build of the aircraft. Dramatic changes in land altitude, particularly mountain ranges, create eddies, or swirls of disrupted airflow all create turbulence. With 0-20 on the EDR scale is considered light turbulence, these flight paths measure double digits in their levels of severity. Most of these destinations are located in South America, so if you’re particularly adverse to a bumpy flight, maybe take these stats into account before booking your next holiday. Check out the list of the 10 most turbulent flights in the world below. 10. San Carlos de Bariloche (Argentina) to Santiago (Chile). 18.475 average EDR. 9. Chengdu (China) to Xining (China). 18.482 average EDR. 8. Kathmandu (Nepal) to Paro (Bhutan). 18.563 average EDR. 7. Santa Cruz (Bolivia) to Santiago (Chile). 18.598 average EDR. 6. Chengdu (China) to Lhasa (China). 18.644 average EDR. 5. Kathmandu to Lhasa. 18.817 average EDR. 4. Mendoza (Argentina) to San Carlos de Bariloche. 19.252 average EDR. 3. Mendoza to Salta (Argentina). 19.825 average EDR. 2. Córdoba to Santiago. 20.214 average EDR 1. Mendoza to Santiago. 24.684 average EDR. Image credits: Shutterstock

Travel Trouble

Vegemite weighs in on long-lasting Aussie debate

An American expat has reignited the age-old debate that has been plaguing Aussies for decades: how much Vegemite is the right amount? Taking to Reddit, the American shared a picture of their Vegemite toast, showing off a hefty smear of the salty spread. “I’m American, how’s my Vegemite amount?” he asked, likely unaware of the storm he was about to unleash within the Australian Reddit community. “I love salty and savoury stuff, so Vegemite is right up my alley,” he added. His bold approach earned a mix of reactions, with some praising the man, saying things like, “You could apply for citizenship with this coverage,” while others joked, “That’s pro-Aussie level spread.” Another commenter declared, “You’re not American anymore.” However, not everyone was impressed with his efforts, with some claiming he had applied far too much for a beginner Vegemite consumer. “Unless you’ve done it before, that is WAY too much for a newbie,” one remarked. Another added, “I’m a born and bred Vegemite fanatic, and that’s fine by me, but I don’t think most people would handle half that.” One commenter went as far as to say, “Slightly closer to serial killer amount than ordinary Aussie,” while another simply stated, “That would make me gag.” With the true blue debate well and truly reignited, Vegemite themselves weighed in on the topic, with The Head of Spreads at Bega sharing their opinion on the American's display of dedication. “For a first timer, this ratio of Vegemite to bread might be quite intense,” Mary Stafford told <a href="https://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/food/eat/expat-sparks-national-outrage-after-sharing-criminal-vegemite-toast/news-story/e061b746981cc11cbebf35ef494e0d7e" target="_blank" rel="noopener">news.com.au</a>. “We recommend starting with a small amount and gradually building up, but we totally understand – it’s hard for people who don’t eat Vegemite to pick up a jar and know what to do with it. There’s so many people missing out on the unmistakeable joy, simply because they haven’t been introduced to it properly … yet.” Image credits: Reddit / Shutterstock

International Travel

Flight attendant reveals best tips for end-of-year travelling

A flight attendant has shared her holy grail tips for surviving the ups and downs of holiday travelling, and how to ensure your travel days are a breeze. Florida-based flight attendant Hunter Smith-Lihas, who works as a flight attendant on a major US airline, and veteran Australian flight-attendant-turned-aviation-researcher Liz Simmons, shared their tips, tricks and secrets with <a href="https://edition.cnn.com/travel/flight-attendants-secrets-surviving-holiday-travel/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">CNN Travel</a> ahead of the busy holiday season, delving into their five top tips if you’re jet-setting around Christmas time. Give yourself an extra day Flying at the last minute is risky business, especially if you’re travelling for a special pre-booked event. Smith-Lihas advises travellers to "give yourself at least one buffer day in between your travel and the event," just in case you encounter delays or issues at the airport. Whether you're travelling in the northern or southern hemisphere, there's a potential for storms and weather delays, which can cause cancellations. If you've got a buffer day, a cancelled flight doesn't automatically equal cancelled Christmas, as Smith-Lihas said, "You at least still have that entire day to get rebooked on another flight." Ensure you have a buffer at your lay-over stop With this same idea in mind, Smith-Lihas recommends travellers give themselves at least 90 minutes between connecting flights. While the idea of sitting around in the airport waiting isn't appealing, missing your connecting flight is a much worse outcome. "I see a lot of people who book their layover flight connection times with less than 45 minutes," says Smith-Lihas. "That is not enough time." If your first flight is delayed, you can easily end up missing the second, says Smith-Lihas "especially if you're connecting in a foreign country and you have to go through customs and immigration." Leaving more time in between your connecting flights will also ensure your luggage makes it off your first plane and onto the second, making sure your Christmas outfits and presents arrive at your final destination. Opt for the first fight of the day While it might be tempting to book an evening flight to give yourself the whole day for last-minute travel preparation, Simmons and Smith-Lihas both recommend getting the first flight of the day, if possible. "If you're trying to dodge any delays, flying at the beginning of the day is beneficial, because any delays or cancellations will roll on throughout the day," explains Simmons. "And if the flight is cancelled, you at least still have that entire day to get rebooked on another flight," adds Smith-Lihas. Don’t overdo the alcohol In the spirit of the holidays, it may be tempting to partake in a few glasses of wine on your flight while on your way to holiday celebrations. However, Simmons advises to limit your boozy beverages, as you don’t want to arrive at your destination hungover. "Always keep in mind how you'll feel at the other end," says Simmons. "The real party will start at your destination, so resting and making sure that you're in your best possible state when you arrive for that party is so important." Instead, Simmons champions staying hydrated with water and herbal teas. Meanwhile Smith-Lihas said passengers should never be afraid to ask flight attendants for more water, saying, "The cabin air can be very dry. It's easy to become dehydrated on a plane." Remember to be kind Above all else, Simmons says keeping "the message of the holiday season" in front of your mind is key for surviving stressful holiday travel. "Small gestures of goodwill are always so appreciated and certainly do not go unnoticed, but sometimes the best gift is patience and understanding and a smile and kindness." "A lot is happening in the world at the moment, and there's a lot of unease around, there's a lot of uncertainty for some people, and not everybody has a family to go to during the holidays," she says. "So just keep in mind how powerful kindness is. Being kind and smiling, the impact that could have on a stranger's day, on their mood… It's so special, and it's something that we really don't harness. Maybe we don't realise how much power we have." Image credits: Shutterstock

Travel Tips

Research reveals how long it takes Aussies to save for a holiday

Saving up for a holiday can seem like an overwhelming task, but some destinations are easier to save for than others. According to new research by <a href="http://money.com.au/">money.com.au</a>, nearly a third of travellers - or 31 percent - need on average a year to save for a trip, while 29 percent of Aussies save for up to six months before jetting off. For 18 percent of travellers, it takes more than a year to save for a trip, while just 13 percent of Aussies manage to save for a holiday in less than three months. On the flip side, 7 percent of eager travellers decide to skip saving altogether and cover their holiday expenses fully on a credit card, while just 2 percent opt for a personal loan to fund their trips. Money.com.au's Finance Expert, Sean Callery said of the survey, "Our research also shows that travel is the one expense Australians aren't willing to forgo, no matter their financial goals or income level." "Going into debt for a holiday brings additional costs and risks. It's important to have a plan for clearing the debt as quickly as possible." With these saving trends in mind, the experts have crunched the numbers to estimate how long it would take the average Aussie to save for a trip to the most popular overseas holiday destinations. The saving time for each location was calculated based on a 10 per cent savings rate of the average weekly earnings of $1,923.40 (from ABS data). Two of the quickest destinations to save for are China and Thailand, while other destinations the experts say you can save for in around half a year include New Zealand, Vietnam and Singapore. Image credits: Shutterstock

Travel Tips

110-year-old woman reveals the secret to a long life

Perth woman Bridget Grocke, who has just celebrated her 110th birthday, has revealed the very Aussie secret to her longevity. Ms Grocke, who has lived through two World Wars, the Great Depression, the Space Race, and the Information Age, is officially one of Australia's oldest residents. For sixty years, she has credited her old age to one glass of Emu Export beer everyday, as she chose a glass of the Aussie tipple over a slice of cake at her birthday party on Wednesday. “If there was a whole heap of beer and I was asked which one is your favourite I’d have to say this,” she told 9News as she held a glass of bush chook in her hand. “I’ve always known it. It tastes good. Cheers to Emu Export.” Born in Western Australia on November 18th 1914, Bridget spent her early years in Kalgoorlie and moved all across WA as the family followed her father’s work as an engine driver. Then at the age of 18, she took the leap and moved to Perth on her own. Ms Grocke spent her years working in fashion and customer service, also building her own family of four children with her husband, Jim, who she married at St Joseph’s Catholic Church in Subiaco in 1942. Despite losing her husband in 1985 and two of her children, Ms Grocke is surrounded by the love of her remaining son and daughter, 10 grandchildren, and 10 great grandchildren. Other than one of her beloved beers a day, Ms Grocke attributed her long life to her loving family, and her word of advice to younger generations was “if you’re nice to people they will be nice to you”. Ms Grocke’s daughter Jan Robertson said her mother’s adventurous spirit and loving family had kept her young at heart. “Mum was very easy going and she was strict, of course, but she always gave you the right path,” she said. “She has always been well. The only thing she got done was her cataracts at 100, before that she hadn’t been in hospital since childbirth.” Image credits: Nine News <div class="more-coverage-v2" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #e0e1e2; float: right; margin-left: 16px; max-width: 40%; padding: 16px 0px;"> </div>

Caring

Man dies after months-long wait for at-home care

A man has died after his almost year-long wait to receive his government-approved at-home care. Cyril Tooze, 86, was <a href="https://oversixty.com.au/health/caring/man-decides-to-end-his-own-life-after-waiting-for-at-home-care" target="_blank" rel="noopener">approved</a> for a Level 4 Home Care Package in January, but almost one year on, he was still waiting for access to the money to fund daily assistance with physical, medical and social tasks. After sharing his story with 7News in October, Tooze candidly admitted that he was pursuing the avenue of voluntary assisted dying, saying at the time, "There is no hope." Just weeks later, Tooze has passed away. While in hospital after suffering a fall, Mr Tooze passed away on Friday, weighing just 46kg. Independent federal Mayo MP Rebekha Sharkie, who advocated for Mr Tooze to receive his government funding, said it had been an honour to have known him. "The man that I knew, he had such courage and such dignity to the very end," she said. "To the very end he wanted his situation to shed light and provide a human story for the 76,000 other older Australians who, just like him, are deteriorating, having accidents and injuring themselves while waiting for a Home Care package that they've been assessed as needing." "Despite a new Act being passed in the House of Representatives with urgency, there is no plan from the government to address the blown-out waiting list and the reality is that people are dying while they're waiting for Home Care." Federal aged care minister Anika Wells said her thoughts were with Mr Tooze's family and friends "as we mourn their loss but appreciate Cyril's life and his commitment to helping older Australians." Image credits: Nine

Caring

Airlines cancel flights after volcanic eruptions. An aviation expert explains why that’s a good thing

<div class="theconversation-article-body"><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/patrick-murray-2027113">Patrick Murray</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-southern-queensland-1069">University of Southern Queensland</a> At least three airlines <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-11-13/flights-to-and-from-bali-cancelled-due-to-volcanic-ash/104593698">cancelled flights between Australia and Bali</a> this week after a volcano eruption in eastern Indonesia spewed a vast plume of volcanic ash into the air. But while would-be holiday makers are naturally <a href="https://7news.com.au/sunrise/volcanic-eruption-in-indonesia-forces-airlines-to-cancel-flights-to-bali-stranding-frustrated-passengers-c-16732486">upset</a> at having their plans disrupted, it’s worth remembering it’s not safe to fly planes through volcanic ash. So, how do airlines decide it’s not safe to fly when a volcano erupts? And why is volcanic ash so dangerous for aircraft, anyway? <h2>What does volcanic ash do to a plane?</h2> Volcanic ash particles are very, very abrasive. They can cause permanent damage to windscreens in the aircraft and can even make windscreens look opaque – like someone has gone over them with sandpaper. Imagine getting spectacles and scraping them over and over with sandpaper – that’s what you’d see if you were sitting in the cockpit. Volcanic ash can also clog or damage external sensors, leading to erroneous readings, and can infiltrate an aircraft’s ventilation system. This can affect cabin air quality and lead to potential respiratory issues. But the main issue, in fact, is the impact volcanic ash has on engines. A jet engine works by drawing in air, compressing it, mixing it with fuel and igniting it. This creates high-pressure exhaust gases that are expelled backward, which pushes the engine (and the aircraft) forward. The correct balance of fuel and airflow is crucial. When you disrupt airflow, it can cause the engine to stall. Ash particles that get inside the engines will melt and build up, causing disruption of the airflow. This could cause the engine to “flame out” or stall. Volcanic ash has a lot of silica in it, so when it melts it turns into something similar to glass. It won’t melt unless exposed to very high temperatures – but inside a jet engine, you do get very high temperatures. There was a famous incident in 1982 where a <a href="https://theaviationgeekclub.com/the-story-of-british-airways-flight-9-the-boeing-747-that-lost-all-four-engines-due-to-volcanic-ash-yet-it-landed-safely/">British Airways Boeing 747 plane</a> was flying in the vicinity of Indonesia and lost all four engines after it encountered volcanic ash spewing from Java’s Mount Galunggung. Fortunately, the pilot was able to <a href="https://simpleflying.com/gallunggung-glider-the-story-of-british-airways-flight-9/">restart the engines and land safely</a>, although the pilots were unable to see through the front windscreens. <h2>How do airlines decide it’s not safe to fly when a volcano erupts?</h2> The decision is made by each airline’s operational staff. Each airline’s operational team would be looking at the situation in real time today and making the decision based on their risk assessment. Every airline has a process of risk management, which is required by Australia’s Civil Aviation Safety Authority. Different airlines may tackle risk management in slightly different ways; you might have some cancelling flights earlier than others. But, in broad terms, the more sophisticated airlines would come to similar conclusions and they are likely all communicating with each other. Mostly, they make the call based on the extent of the plume – how big the cloud of ash is and where it’s going, bearing in mind that winds vary with altitude. As you get stronger winds with altitude, the ash can drift quite far from the source. There is also a United Nations agency called the <a href="https://www.icao.int/Pages/default.aspx">International Civil Aviation Organization</a>, which issues guidance on volcanic ash hazards. Various meteorological agencies around the world work together and liaise with aviation authorities to spread the word quickly if there is an eruption. For airlines to resume flights, the ash needs to clear and there needs to be a low probability of further eruptions. <h2>Passenger safety is the priority</h2> The underpinning reason behind these flight cancellations is safety. If you lose engines and you can’t see out the window, the risk to passenger safety is obvious. Naturally, people are upset about their holiday plans being held up. But it’s actually in passengers’ best interests to not fly through volcanic ash.<img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/243576/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /> <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/patrick-murray-2027113">Patrick Murray</a>, Emeritus Professor of Aviation, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-southern-queensland-1069">University of Southern Queensland</a> Image credits: Shutterstock This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/airlines-cancel-flights-after-volcanic-eruptions-an-aviation-expert-explains-why-thats-a-good-thing-243576">original article</a>. </div>

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Flight attendant's act after touchdown divides social media users

Couple forced to sit next to dead passenger on international flight

Centenarian shares the secrets to a long life

Husband reveals final text from wife on board doomed flight

Expert reveals how to cope with flight anxiety

The most turbulent flights in the world revealed

Vegemite weighs in on long-lasting Aussie debate

Flight attendant reveals best tips for end-of-year travelling

Research reveals how long it takes Aussies to save for a holiday

110-year-old woman reveals the secret to a long life

Man dies after months-long wait for at-home care

Airlines cancel flights after volcanic eruptions. An aviation expert explains why that’s a good thing

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